Parkia speciosa Hassk. Empty Pod Extract Prevents Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy by Inhibiting MAPK and Calcineurin-NFATC3 Signaling Pathways

Abstract

Cardiac hypertrophy is an early hallmark during the clinical course of heart failure. Therapeutic strategies aiming to alleviate cardiac hypertrophy via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) signaling pathway may help prevent cardiac dysfunction. Previously, empty pod ethanol crude extract of Parkia speciosa Hassk was shown to demonstrate protective effects against cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the effects of various fractions of the plant ethanol extract on the MAPK/NFAT signaling pathway in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Simultaneous treatment with ethyl acetate (EA) fraction produced the most potent antihypertrophic effect evidenced by the reduced release of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP). Subsequently, treatment with the EA fraction (6.25, 12.5, and 25 μg/mL) prevented an Ang II-induced increase in cell surface area, hypertrophic factors (atrial natriuretic peptide and BNP), reactive oxygen species, protein content, and NADPH oxidase 4 expression in the cells. Furthermore, EA treatment attenuated the activation of the MAPK pathway and calcineurin-related pathway (GATA-binding protein 4 and NFATC3), which was similar to the effects of valsartan (positive control). Our findings indicate that the EA fraction prevents Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy by regulating the MAPK/calcineurin-NFAT signaling pathway.

Phytochemical profile and diverse pharmacology of Garcinia celebica L

“…Oxidative stress and inflammation are the culprits in almost all diseases. Increased dietary intake of polyphenol-rich foods reported to significantly lower the prevalence of diseases owing to its antioxidant properties [ 51 , 52 ]. G. celebica were evaluated by different in vitro antioxidant assays like 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), folin-Ciocalteu (FCA), lipoxygenase enzyme inhibition, ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), ferrous ion chelating (FIC), ferric reducing power (FRP), and 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and free radical scavenging (FRS) capacity assays.…”

“…Platelet aggregation may lead to serious conditions such as arterial thrombus formation event, which eventually cause ischaemic stroke and acute myocardial infarction [ 62 ]. The effectiveness of certain polyphenolics derived from plants has greatly linked in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases [ 52 , 63 ]. Anti-platelet aggregation activity was reported in G. celebica plant.…”

Cardioprotective Properties of Kaempferol: A Review

“…Kaempferol (3,4 ,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone) (Figure 1), a yellow crystalline compound, is a flavonol which is rich in various plants such as tea, broccoli, tomatoes [22], and beans (e.g., bitter bean) [23]. Many studies have demonstrated the pharmacological activities of this compound in various pathological conditions, such as cardiovascular disease [6,13] and cancer [24].…”