Parity Violation in the Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction

Adelberger, E. G.; Haxton, W. C.

doi:10.1146/annurev.ns.35.120185.002441

Cited by 338 publications

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“…Parity violating interactions have been known since the late 1950s [1][2][3], and their discovery radically changed perceptions of the role of fundamental symmetries in particle physics. While these interactions can be studied in flavor-changing decays, the effects of the PV neutralcurrent in such decays are tiny as the tree-level coupling between quarks and the Z boson are flavor diagonal and radiative corrections are suppressed by the GIM mechanism [4,5]. This leaves PV flavor conserving interactions as the only laboratories for studying the weak neutral current, with the nucleon-nucleon (NN) PV interaction as the only accessible case.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This leaves PV flavor conserving interactions as the only laboratories for studying the weak neutral current, with the nucleon-nucleon (NN) PV interaction as the only accessible case. Isolation of the hadronic weak neutral current occurs in the ∆I = 1 NN channel, and this component is thought to be dominated by long-range pion exchange [4,6].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In the decades since the discovery of parity violation, a heroic series of experiments (see Refs. [4,15,16] and references therein) have sought to uncover the value of h 1 πN N , defined in modern effective field theory language by [6] …”

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Lattice QCD calculation of nuclear parity violation

Wasem

2012

Phys. Rev. C

117

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We present the first lattice QCD calculation of the leading-order momentum-independent parity violating coupling between pions and nucleons, h 1 πNN . The calculation performs measurements on dynamical anisotropic clover gauge configurations, with a spatial extent of L ∼ 2.5 fm, a spatial lattice spacing of as ∼ 0.123 fm, and a pion mass of mπ ∼ 389 MeV. While this first calculation does not include non-perturbative renormalization of the bare parity-violating operators, a chiral extrapolation to the physical pion mass, or contributions from disconnected (quark-loop) diagrams, these are expected to result in systematic errors within the quoted statistical error. We find a contribution from the 'connected' diagrams of h 1,con πNN = (1.099 ± 0.505 +0.058 −0.064 ) × 10 −7 , consistent with current experimental bounds and previous model-dependent theoretical predictions.

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Lattice QCD calculation of nuclear parity violation

Wasem

2012

Phys. Rev. C

117

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“…We will see that the anapole moments grows as an r 2 moment of a current distribution -corresponding to a toroidal current winding Table 1 S-P weak PNC amplitudes and the corresponding meson-exchanges [7] Transition I ↔ I ∆I n-n n-p p-p meson exchanges…”

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Fundamental Symmetries and Conservation Laws

Haxton

2009

Nuclear Physics A

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I discuss recent progress in low-energy tests of symmetries and conservation laws, including parity nonconservation in atoms and nuclei, electric dipole moment tests of time-reversal invariance, β-decay correlation studies, and decays violating separate (family) and total lepton number.Key words: parity nonconservation, electric dipole moments, correlations in β decay, lepton number PACS: 11.30. Er, 11.30.Fs, 11.30.Hv, 14.60.Pq, 23.40.-s Parity Nonconservation (PNC)The use of parity in atomic spectroscopy dates from the 1920s, when it was introduced as a wave function label, prompting Wigner to demonstrate that such labeling is a consequence of the mirror symmetry of the electromagnetic interaction. Today parity and its violation are tools for probing aspects of the standard model (SM) (e.g., to isolate the strangeness-conserving hadronic weak interaction) and new physics beyond the SM (e.g., the contributions of a new boson Z 0 to the running of weak couplings).The weak interaction between atomic electrons and the nucleus is dominated by the coherent A(e) − V (N ) contribution. As the SM tree-level coupling to protons, c V (p) = 1 − 4 sin 2 θ W ∼ 0.1, is suppressed while c V (n) = −1, the weak charge of the nucleuswhere ρ N ( r) is the neutron density. The effects of this short-range interaction grow ∼ Z 3 and thus are most easily detected in heavy atoms. Atomic PNC was first observed in 1978, while the best current limit comes from the 1997 JILA experiment, Q weak ( 133 Cs) = −73.16 ± 0.29(exp) ± 0.20(theor) [1,2]. The ∼ 0.3% precision poses a challenge for theoreticians attempting to calculate the associated

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“…In nuclei the weak force has been studied through measurement of parity violating observables in nucleon-nucleon scattering, in few-body systems, and in light nuclei. The latter measurements (which require detailed knowledge of the wave functions involved) were summarized by Adelberger and Haxton [11]. A completely different approach to experiment and analysis involves neutron resonances in medium and heavy nuclei.…”

Section: Parity Violation In Neutron Resonancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical behavior and symmetry tests

Mitchell¹,

Shriner²

2004

Braz. J. Phys.

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Symmetries and statistical properties in nuclei are closely related. The most striking example is the extremely large enhancement of parity violation in neutron resonances. Statistical distributions can provide information about the underlying character of nuclear properties. Level statistics and electromagnetic transition distributions have been used successfully to provide unique tests of predictions of random matrix theory.

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Parity Violation in the Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction

Cited by 338 publications

References 0 publications

Lattice QCD calculation of nuclear parity violation

Lattice QCD calculation of nuclear parity violation

Fundamental Symmetries and Conservation Laws

Statistical behavior and symmetry tests

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