Paris saponin I induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human gastric carcinoma SGC7901 cells

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Paris saponin I (PS I) on human gastric carcinoma cell growth and apoptosis and to explore the potential mechanisms. The proliferation of SGC7901 cells was monitored by the MTT cell viability assay, while the nuclear morphology of apoptotic cells was assessed by Hoechst 33258 staining. Flow cytometry was performed to analyze the cell cycle progression of propidium iodide (PI)-stained SGC7901 cells and the apoptotic rate of annexin V/PI-stained cells. Western blotting was used to examine the expression of several cell cycle proteins, including cyclin B1 and Cdk1, and the apoptosis-regulated proteins Bcl-2, Bax, cytochrome c, procaspase-9, and procaspase-3. The MTT assay demonstrated that PS I could induce significant dose- and time-dependent inhibition of SGC7901 cell proliferation. Marked morphological changes, including condensation of chromatin, nuclear fragmentation and apoptotic bodies were clearly shown on Hoechst 33258 staining. PSI treatment also resulted in the disruption of the cell cycle at G₂/M and the induction of apoptosis. Following PSI treatment, the cell cycle-related proteins cyclin B1 and Cdk1 were down-regulated. Expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax was increased, while anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 decreased. PSI treatment resulted in elevated cytoplasmic cytochrome c and activation of the apoptotic proteases caspase-9 and caspase-3. These data indicate that PS acts as an inhibitor of proli I feration in SGC7901 cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. PSI is a potential therapeutic agent against human gastric carcinoma.

Paeonol inhibits hepatic fibrogenesis via disrupting nuclear factor‐κB pathway in activated stellate cells: In vivo and in vitro studies

“…We postulated that paeonol might also affect the apoptotic pathways in HSCs leading to reduced activation. Apoptosis is characterized by cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation, and nuclear fragmentation . We first assessed the morphological changes of HSCs treated with paeonol.…”

Inhibition of cell proliferation by mild hyperthermia at 43°C with Paris Saponin I in the lung adenocarcinoma cell line PC-9

“…The inhibitory effects of PSI were associated with increased levels of pro-apoptotic Bax, cytochrome c, active caspase-9 and active caspase-3. PSI also decreased anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression levels and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 in treated cells (16,(29)(30)(31). Hyperthermia can be a highly effective cancer treatment, particularly when combined with chemotherapy, radiotherapy or immunotherapy (32)(33)(34).…”

Paris saponin I induces apoptosis via increasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase-3 expression in gefitinib-resistant non-small cell lung cancer in vitro and in vivo

“…Hand-Mazz. Rhizoma paridis has been reported to exert numerous pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, hemostatic and anti-cancer effects, and was shown to exhibit inhibitory effects on tumor growth in numerous studies using hepatic, gastric or nasopharyngeal carcinoma models (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). Furthermore, Paris saponin II significantly inhibited tumor growth by 70% in the human SKOV3 ovarian cancer xenograft model (17), and Paris saponin H showed a marked cytotoxic activity on A549 cells with an IC 50 value of 1.53±0.08 µg/ml (18).…”

“…PSI exerts a wide range of pharmacological activities, including cytotoxic activity against a number of malignancies, such as NSCLC (38)(39)(40)(41)(42). PSI has been approved for cancer therapy as a result of its potential involvement in the suppression of tumor growth.…”