Parietal endoderm secreted SPARC promotes early cardiomyogenesis in vitro

Stary, Martina; Pasteiner, Waltraud; Summer, Alexandra; Hrdina, Astrid; Eger, Andreas; Weitzer, Georg

doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2005.07.013

Cited by 35 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…Interestingly, it has been reported that Sparc is a stromal cell product that interacts with precursor B cells, 35 and it is conceivable that the loss of Sparc in the bone marrow compartment could adversely influence early B-cell development. Recent reports do, in fact, support a role for Sparc as a differentiation factor where it is implicated in early myocardial cell differentiation 36 and adrenal development. 37 Having observed alterations in the T and B cells in the bone marrow population, and hyperplasia and altered marginal zone B cells in the spleens, we used the footpad model that could be used to assess both the innate and adaptive immune response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Splenic and immune alterations of the Sparc-null mouse accompany a lack of immune response

et al. 2007

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Sparc-null mice have been used as models to assess tumor-host immune cell interactions. However, it is not known if they have a competent immune system. In this study, the immune systems of Sparc wild-type and null mice were compared. Mice were assessed for differences in total body weight, spleen weight and spleen-to-body weight ratios. Spleens were compared with respect to morphology, and Sparc, Ki-67, MOMA-1 and IgM expression. Immune cells in blood, bone marrow and spleen were assessed by blood smears, automated blood panel, and flow cytometry. Additionally, the ability of Sparc-null mice to respond to immune challenge was evaluated using a footpad model. The morphological and immunohistochemical results indicated that Sparc-null spleens had more white pulp, hyperproliferative B cells in the germinal centers, and decreased marginal zones. Sparc-null spleens lacked normal Sparc expression in red and white pulp, marginal zones, endothelial and sinusoidal cells. By flow analysis, B cells were decreased and T cells were increased in the bone marrow. Finally, Sparc-null mice were unable to mount an immune response following footpad lipopolysaccharide challenge. These data confirm that Sparc-null mice have an impaired immune system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Splenic and immune alterations of the Sparc-null mouse accompany a lack of immune response

et al. 2007

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“…It may be that the GATA4-expressing cells secrete enough DKK to inhibit Wnt5A in the larger aggregate condition. SPARC (Secreted Protein, Acidic, Rich in Cysteine), a matricellular glycoprotein that is highly expressed in the developing heart (Holland, Harper et al 1987;Brekken and Sage 2001), is another candidate molecule secreted by parietal endoderm that has been shown to promote early myocardial differentiation in mESC aggregates (Stary, Pasteiner et al 2005;Hrabchak, Ringuette et al 2008). Mouse ESC aggregates cultured in parietal endoderm conditioned medium exhibit enhanced cardiac differentiation (Stary, Pasteiner et al 2005); an effect which is abrogated with the addition of anti-SPARC antibodies in a concentration-dependent manner.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GATA4-expressing endoderm cells have been shown to secrete DKK, a Wnt inhibitor (Holtzinger, Rosenfeld et al 2010). SPARC (Secreted Protein, Acidic, Rich in Cysteine) is another candidate molecule secreted by parietal endoderm that has been shown to promote early myocardial differentiation in mouse EBs (Stary, Pasteiner et al 2005;Hrabchak, Ringuette et al 2008). SPARC is a matricellular glycoprotein that is highly expressed in the developing heart (Holland, Harper et al 1987;Brekken and Sage 2001).…”

Section: The Mechanism Underlying the Effect Of Hpsc Aggregate Size Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SPARC is a matricellular glycoprotein that is highly expressed in the developing heart (Holland, Harper et al 1987;Brekken and Sage 2001). Mouse EBs cultured in parietal endoderm conditioned medium exhibit enhanced cardiac differentiation (Stary, Pasteiner et al 2005); an effect which is abrogated with the addition of anti-SPARC antibodies in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally TGF-and FGF-family proteins are known to promote PS formation and exogenously added to hESC differentiation cultures to direct cardiac development (Kattman, Adler et al 2007;Laflamme, Chen et al 2007;Yang, Soonpaa et al 2008).…”

Section: The Mechanism Underlying the Effect Of Hpsc Aggregate Size Omentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geometric Control of Cardiomyogenic Induction in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Bauwens

Song

Thavandiran

et al. 2011

Tissue Engineering Part A

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Pluripotent stem cells provide the opportunity to study human cardiogenesis in vitro, and are a renewable source of tissue for drug testing and disease models, including replacement cardiomyocytes that may be a useful treatment for heart failure. Typically, differentiation is initiated by forming spherical cell aggregates wherein an extraembryonic endoderm (ExE) layer develops on the surface. Given that interactions between endoderm and mesoderm influence embryonic cardiogenesis, we examined the impact of human embryonic stem cell (hESC) aggregate size on endoderm and cardiac development. We first demonstrated aggregate size control by micropatterning hESC colonies at defined diameters and transferring the colonies to suspension. The ratio of endoderm (GATA-6) to neural (PAX6) gene and protein expression increased with decreasing colony size. Subsequently, maximum mesoderm and cardiac induction occurred in larger aggregates when initiated with endoderm-biased hESCs (high GATA-6:PAX6), and in smaller aggregates when initiated with neural-biased hESCs (low GATA-6:PAX6). Additionally, incorporating micropatterned aggregates in a stirred suspension bioreactor increased cell yields and contracting aggregate frequency. We next interrogated the relationship between aggregate size and endoderm and cardiac differentiation efficiency in sizecontrolled aggregates, generated using forced aggregation, in defined cardiogenic medium.

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“…Likewise, the treatment with BMP-4 enhances cardiac induction from mouse embryonic carcinoma (21) and simian ES (13) cells. Despite the identification of these and other factors and reagents (15,24,31,32,35) that facilitate cardiac induction from animal ES cells, few studies have identified their inductive roles in the human ES cell system (23,42). Because of species differences in the mechanism of cardiac differentiation of ES cells (1), the direct application of the induction systems established in animal models to human ES cells will be difficult.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone morphogenetic protein-4 promotes induction of cardiomyocytes from human embryonic stem cells in serum-based embryoid body development

Takei¹,

Ichikawa²,

Johkura³

et al. 2009

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Cardiomyocytes derived from human embryonic stem (ES) cells are a potential source for cell-based therapy for heart diseases. We studied the effect of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-4 in the presence of fetal bovine serum (FBS) on cardiac induction from human H1 ES cells during embryoid body (EB) development. Suspension culture for 4 days with 20% FBS produced the best results for the differentiation of early mesoderm and cardiomyocytes. The addition of Noggin reduced the incidence of beating EBs from 23.6% to 5.3%, which indicated the involvement of BMP signaling in the spontaneous cardiac differentiation. In this condition, treatment with 12.5–25 ng/ml BMP-4 during the 4-day suspension optimally promoted the cardiomyocyte differentiation. The incidence of beating EBs at 25 ng/ml BMP-4 reached 95.8% on day 6 of expansion and then plateaued until day 20. In real-time PCR analysis, the cardiac development-related genes MESP1 and Nkx2.5 were upregulated in the EB outgrowths by 25 ng/ml BMP-4. The activation of BMP signaling in EBs was confirmed by the increase in the phosphorylation of Smad1/5/8 and by the nuclear localization of phospho-Smad1/5/8 and Smad4. The addition of 150 ng/ml Noggin considerably decreased the incidence of beating EBs and Nkx2.5 expression, and Noggin alone increased Nestin expression and neural differentiation in EB outgrowths. The cardiomyocytes induced by 25 ng/ml BMP-4 showed proper cell biological characteristics and a course of differentiation as judged from isoproterenol administration, gene expression, protein assay, immunoreactivity, and subcellular structures. No remarkable change in the extent of apoptosis and proliferation in the cardiomyocytes was observed by BMP-4 treatment. These findings showed that BMP-4 in combination with FBS at the appropriate time and concentrations significantly promotes cardiomyocyte induction from human ES cells.

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Parietal endoderm secreted SPARC promotes early cardiomyogenesis in vitro

Cited by 35 publications

References 68 publications

Splenic and immune alterations of the Sparc-null mouse accompany a lack of immune response

Splenic and immune alterations of the Sparc-null mouse accompany a lack of immune response

Geometric Control of Cardiomyogenic Induction in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Bone morphogenetic protein-4 promotes induction of cardiomyocytes from human embryonic stem cells in serum-based embryoid body development

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