“…However, others have pointed out that the social gradient in parent training outcomes are somewhat mixed . Second, several scholars have documented social gradients in utilization of evidencebased treatments for behavior problems, meaning that children from low-resource backgrounds are less likely to utilize help services (Bussing, Zima, Gary, & Garvan, 2003;Haggerty et al, 2002;Kazdin, Holland, & Crowley, 1997;Pettersson, Lindén-Boström, & Eriksson, 2009;Reedtz, Martinussen, Jørgensen, Handegård, & Mørch, 2011). Taken together, if there are social disparities in both service utilization and the treatment outcomes of evidence-based parent training interventions, the effectiveness of the interventions and adequacy of service provision would be compromised.…”