Parenting Styles, Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms in Child/Adolescent

Abstract

Objective: To analyse the possible direct and interactive associations of sex, age and parenting styles with symptoms of depression and anxiety. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 710 students ranging from 8 to 13 years (mean age 10.8 years [±0.75]), the most of them males (n = 422,59.4%), completed three screening instruments: a parenting practices scale and two self-reports for evaluating anxiety and depressive symptoms. Two hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed. Results: Authoritative (38.6%) and neglectful (38%) parenting styles were predominant. Symptoms of depression —F(3,706) = 3.12,p = .03— and anxiety —F(3,706) = 2.83,p = .4— differed by parenting styles. Students with a neglectful parenting style reported significant lower generalized anxiety symptoms than those whose parents used authoritative parenting. Clinical implications: Children ages 8 to 13 years-old with authoritative parenting style should be evaluated for possible presence of generalized anxiety symptoms.

Associations of Parenting Style and Resilience With Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Chinese Middle School Students

“…A systematic literature review showed that (Gorostiaga et al, 2019) parental warmth, behavioral control, and autonomy granting were inversely correlated with depressive symptoms in adolescents, while parental psychological control and severe control were positively related to depression/anxiety symptoms. Romero-Acosta et al (2021) found that compared with those who experienced authoritative parenting, students who experienced neglectful parenting styles generally had lower symptoms of anxiety. Prior studies on parenting style have mainly used variable-centered methods, which makes it difficult to examine how the various factors that constitute parenting style combine within individuals and affect children.…”

Efectos de las pautas de crianza sobre los roles de la violencia escolar

“…Estos actos intencionales pueden ser de tipo físico, verbal y social (Cano-Echeverri y Vargas-González, 2018;Gutiérrez, 2018), pudiendo presentarse de manera directa, indirecta (p. ej., daño a pertenencias, inventar rumores) o simultánea (García y Ascensio, 2015), provocando impactos negativos como dificultades en el aprendizaje y en la socialización, ausentismo escolar y deserción, bajo rendimiento escolar, déficit de habilidades sociales, consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, trastorno depresivo (Romero-Acosta et al, 2021), estrés, ansiedad, trastorno de conducta alimentaria y suicidio (Aguirre-Flórez et al, 2015;Buendía et al, 2016;Dervishi et al, 2019).…”

Saudi Arabian Perceptions of Childhood Anxiety, Parental Communication, and Parenting Style

“…Of particular interest are two parenting styles that affect how a parent communicates, namely the authoritative style and the authoritarian style [ 4 , 5 ]. An authoritative parenting style is characterized by low responsiveness and high demands, and parents who apply this style are often hostile and employ punishments to gain compliance [ 5 , 6 ].…”

“…Of particular interest are two parenting styles that affect how a parent communicates, namely the authoritative style and the authoritarian style [ 4 , 5 ]. An authoritative parenting style is characterized by low responsiveness and high demands, and parents who apply this style are often hostile and employ punishments to gain compliance [ 5 , 6 ]. An authoritarian parenting style is characterized by firm control to the extent that parents do not force their opinions on their child, enforce minimal restrictions, or acknowledge the child’s interests and feelings [ 5 , 7 ].…”

“…An authoritative parenting style is characterized by low responsiveness and high demands, and parents who apply this style are often hostile and employ punishments to gain compliance [ 5 , 6 ]. An authoritarian parenting style is characterized by firm control to the extent that parents do not force their opinions on their child, enforce minimal restrictions, or acknowledge the child’s interests and feelings [ 5 , 7 ]. Parents displaying either of these styles might affect their child’s anxiety regardless of whether the parent suffers from anxiety.…”