Parenting Interactions with Children: Checklist of Observations Linked to Outcomes (PICCOLO) in Diverse Ethnic Groups

Abstract

Parenting interactions are important for children's early development, but existing observational measures of parenting are often difficult for practitioners to use in their work with parents and have been developed based on primarily European American middle-income parents. Practitioners working with parents of infants and young children need a psychometrically strong observational measure of parenting behaviors appropriate for diverse groups. We tested the reliability and validity of 89 specific parenting behavior items by having observers rate over 4,500 viderecorded observations of parent-infant interaction from the archive of the Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project and other research. These observations at multiple age points were from over 2,000 low-icome families, including European Americans, African Americans, and Latino Americans. Interrater agreement was tested for each item. Scale internal consistency and single-factor structure were tested within each of four domains-affection, responsiveness, encouragement, and teaching. Validity was tested with concurrent parenting measures and child development outcome measures. The 29 most consistently reliable and valid items comprise the final version of Parenting Interactions with Children: Checklist of Observations Linked to Outcomes (PICCOLO), an evidence-based observational measure of parenting with very young children that is psychometrically sound and useful for practitioners working with diverse groups.

Model Development of Mothering by Women with Bipolar Illness

“…Recording and coding in-vivo mother-child interactions provide rich behavioral information that can be reviewed repeatedly for accurate coding Downloaded by [Purdue University Libraries] at 02:19 08 March 2016 decisions. We selected four domains of maternal behavior that support young child development: affection, responsiveness, encouragement, and teaching (Roggman et al, 2013). Affection is the expression of fondness and caring, helping the child feel connected to his or her parents.…”

Procedures for Developing Evidence-Informed Performance Checklists for Improving Early Childhood Intervention Practices

“…This is often facilitated by using performance checklists that include lists of practice indicators or key characteristics (Westgaard, 2001). Performance checklists include sets of indicators that, taken together, define a particular skill set or practice that is intended to have desired benefits or outcomes (e.g., Greenwood, Luze, Cline, Kuntz, & Leitschuh, 2002;Roggman et al, 2013). These types of checklists include the behavior, skills, or actions that define desired performance or the ability to implement a practice as intended.…”

“…Performance checklists have been used widely in a number of different fields and professions (e.g., Gwynne, Blick, & Hughes, 1996;Lockyer et al, 2006;McSwain, Mahan, & Herrin, 1979;Perry, Potter, & Ostendorf, 2014) including education (Rowlands, 2007;Sullivan, 1998) and early childhood intervention (e.g., Casey & McWilliam, 2011;Greenwood et al, 2002;Roggman et al, 2013). Karges-Bone (2000), for example, developed more than 50 performance checklists to facilitate student knowledge acquisition, teacher classroom management, and parent-teacher communication.…”

Diversity in Unity: Perspectives from Psychology and Behavioral Sciences

“…PICCOLO was developed by Roggman et al (2009). It measures positive interaction between parent and infant, as well as toddler and preschooler through the observational method.…”

“…Parent-child interaction can be defined as a combination of behaviours, feelings, and expectations that is special for every parent-child dyad (Bayoglu et al, 2013). Roggman et al (2013) explained four behavioural domains in parent-child interaction: maternal affect, responsiveness, encouragement and teaching. Maternal affect is shown by warmth, physical closeness and positive expression of parents which would be perceived by children as signs of the presence of affection.…”