Parenting and psychosis: An experience sampling methodology study investigating the inter‐relationship between stress from parenting and positive psychotic symptoms

Radley, Jessica; Barlow, Jane; Johns, Louise

doi:10.1111/bjc.12389

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 82 publications

(105 reference statements)

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“…Consistent with previous research, participants believed that mental health and parenting were intertwined and referred to parents as balancing dual demands (46). In line with existing research, participants indicated that the relationship between parenting stress and mental health was bi-directional and cyclical (30, [47][48][49], highlighting the need for professionals to identify and support parenting stressors. Although the parenting role was typically perceived to be a source of stress, participants highlighted that for some, their identity as a parent was a source of motivation for recovery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Health and social care professionals' views and experiences of supporting parents with serious mental illness

Oakes,

Wolfenden,

Drake

et al. 2023

Front. Psychiatry

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IntroductionA significant number of individuals with a serious mental illness (SMI) such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder are also parents of dependent children. Despite the risk of adverse psychological, behavioral, and social outcomes their needs often go unmet. To better understand the needs of parents with SMI and their children it is necessary to gain insight into the perspectives and experiences of the professionals in adult mental health and children's services who work with them, and who, ultimately, are best placed to meet those needs.AimsTo explore the views and experiences of health and social care professionals working with parents with SMI to understand the needs of, and their role supporting, parents with SMI and their children.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with seventeen professionals from six NHS and Local Authority settings in England, UK. Participants were included if they were employed in adult mental health or local authority children's services and had experience of working with parents with SMI. Sampling was purposive, including a wide range of professions in these settings. Interview data were analyzed using template analysis taking a critical realist perspective.ResultsThree top-level themes were generated: (1) Impact of parental SMI on the child, (2) Accessing support from services, (3) Role of professionals working with parents with SMI. Themes highlight diverse, wide-ranging effects of SMI on the child and a reluctance from parents to seek help due to stigma and fear. Available services are reported to be inaccessible and unacceptable to parents with SMI and practitioners experience conflict when balancing the needs of the parent and child. A whole-family approach facilitated by improved communication between services is advocated.ConclusionParticipants believed that parents with SMI experience complex parenting challenges over and above other parents, describing a largely detrimental impact on the child. Support services were deemed inadequate, and participants stressed the need to develop specialist services tailored toward the needs of parents with SMI and their children. Although participants endorsed joined up working across health and social care settings to facilitate a whole family approach, they required greater service knowledge and training in parental SMI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Health and social care professionals' views and experiences of supporting parents with serious mental illness

Oakes,

Wolfenden,

Drake

et al. 2023

Front. Psychiatry

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“…Once MCT-F's clinical utility is confirmed, these findings will have important clinical implications. First, the availability of psychological therapy would help these families to deal with these cognitive distortions that are more present in the disease and that have therefore the exacerbation of symptoms and problems in social and family relationships (Radley et al, 2022a). Thus, an intervention such as MCT-F targeting symptoms, social cognition, and metacognition difficulties could improve mothers' awareness of their children's mental states and difficulty in providing adequate care to them and, consequently, prevent loss of custody.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of family metacognitive training in mothers with psychosis and their adolescent children: a multicenter study protocol

Ochoa,

Espinosa,

López-Carrilero

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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BackgroundMore than half of women with psychosis take care of their children despite the difficulties caused by the disease. Additionally, these kids have a higher risk of developing a mental health disorder. However, no interventions have been developed to meet these needs. Metacognitive Training (MCT) is a psychological intervention that has demonstrated its efficacy in improving cognitive insight, symptom management and social cognition in people with first-episode psychosis (FEP). Additionally, MCT has shown better results in women than men with FEP. This study aims to adapt and evaluate the efficacy of MCT-F in mothers and adolescent children in an online group context with the main purpose of improving family relationships, cognitive awareness and symptoms in women with psychosis and increase their children’s knowledge of the disease and their functioning. As secondary objectives, it also aims to evaluate improvements in metacognition, social cognition, symptoms, protective factors and self-perception of stigma.Materials and methodsA quasi-experimental design with participants acting as their own control will be carried out. Forty-eight mothers with psychosis and their adolescent children (between 12 and 20 years old) recruited from a total of 11 adult mental health care centers will receive MCT-F. Participants will be evaluated 11 weeks before the intervention (T1), at baseline (T2), and post-intervention (T3) with a cognitive insight scale, as a primary outcome. Measures of metacognitive and social cognition, symptoms, cognitive functioning, family and social functioning, protective factors (self-esteem, resilience, and coping strategies) and self-perceived stigma will be addressed as secondary outcomes. Assessment will also address trauma and attachment in mothers and, lastly, the feasibility and acceptability of MCT-F in both participant groups.DiscussionThis will be the first investigation of the efficacy, acceptability, and viability of the implementation of MCT-F. The results of this study may have clinical implications, contributing to improving mothers’ with psychosis and adolescents’ functioning and better understanding of the disease, in addition to the possible protective and preventive effect in adolescents, who are known to be at higher risk of developing severe mental disorders.Clinical trial registration:https://clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier [NCT05358457].

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A Systematic Review of Momentary Social Predictors of Positive Psychosis Experiences

Irwin,

Udachina,

Bell

et al. 2024

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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BackgroundSocial factors can play an important role in the development and maintenance of psychosis. Clarifying this relationship is vital for advancing theoretical understanding and development of targeted interventions. Psychosis is increasingly researched with an experience sampling methodology (ESM), which provides an ecologically valid approach, that reduces recall biases. Studies examining momentary associations between social factors and psychosis have not yet been summarised.MethodWe identified 29 ESM studies investigating associations between social factors and positive psychotic experiences through a pre‐registered systematic search of the published literature.ResultsBeing alone did not predict increase in psychosis; however, appraisals and feelings associated with being alone such as feeling socially disconnected, lonely and unwanted did. Being with familiar company was found to reduce psychosis experiences but feeling stressed by the current company increased psychosis.ConclusionsWhile issues with sample size and generalisability mean these results should be interpreted with caution, some putative conclusions can be made. Individuals with psychosis or emerging symptoms should be offered interventions that improve social networks such as peer support, community participation and engagement skills training. These individuals may also benefit from virtual reality or compassion‐based interventions which aim to dampen perceived social threat. Moreover, digital interventions which monitor changes in social variables that predict relapse in symptoms would allow early intervention to prevent mental health crises.

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Parenting and psychosis: An experience sampling methodology study investigating the inter‐relationship between stress from parenting and positive psychotic symptoms

Cited by 8 publications

References 82 publications

Health and social care professionals' views and experiences of supporting parents with serious mental illness

Health and social care professionals' views and experiences of supporting parents with serious mental illness

Effectiveness of family metacognitive training in mothers with psychosis and their adolescent children: a multicenter study protocol

A Systematic Review of Momentary Social Predictors of Positive Psychosis Experiences

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