Parental pre‐pregnancy obesity and the risk of offspring weight and body mass index change from childhood to adulthood

Zalbahar, Nurzalinda; Najman, Jake M.; McIntyre, H. David; Mamun, Abdullah Al

doi:10.1111/cob.12200

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Although we used a different reference chart in early childhood and did not correct for correlations between BMI measurements due to the large sample size, the observed association is unlikely to be explained by methodological issues as the observed risk also increased between mid and late childhood, where we used the same reference charts. Also, 2 recent studies among 1,494 Australian and 3,805 Dutch participants observed stronger associations of maternal BMI with childhood growth and obesity risk with increasing age, while accounting for correlated repeated measures [16,17]. This increasing strength of the association with age might reflect an intra-uterine programming mechanism becoming more apparent when children get older, or might be explained by a stronger influence of lifestyle characteristics of the child at later ages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Maternal body mass index, gestational weight gain, and the risk of overweight and obesity across childhood: An individual participant data meta-analysis

et al. 2019

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BackgroundMaternal obesity and excessive gestational weight gain may have persistent effects on offspring fat development. However, it remains unclear whether these effects differ by severity of obesity, and whether these effects are restricted to the extremes of maternal body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain. We aimed to assess the separate and combined associations of maternal BMI and gestational weight gain with the risk of overweight/obesity throughout childhood, and their population impact.Methods and findingsWe conducted an individual participant data meta-analysis of data from 162,129 mothers and their children from 37 pregnancy and birth cohort studies from Europe, North America, and Australia. We assessed the individual and combined associations of maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain, both in clinical categories and across their full ranges, with the risks of overweight/obesity in early (2.0–5.0 years), mid (5.0–10.0 years) and late childhood (10.0–18.0 years), using multilevel binary logistic regression models with a random intercept at cohort level adjusted for maternal sociodemographic and lifestyle-related characteristics. We observed that higher maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain both in clinical categories and across their full ranges were associated with higher risks of childhood overweight/obesity, with the strongest effects in late childhood (odds ratios [ORs] for overweight/obesity in early, mid, and late childhood, respectively: OR 1.66 [95% CI: 1.56, 1.78], OR 1.91 [95% CI: 1.85, 1.98], and OR 2.28 [95% CI: 2.08, 2.50] for maternal overweight; OR 2.43 [95% CI: 2.24, 2.64], OR 3.12 [95% CI: 2.98, 3.27], and OR 4.47 [95% CI: 3.99, 5.23] for maternal obesity; and OR 1.39 [95% CI: 1.30, 1.49], OR 1.55 [95% CI: 1.49, 1.60], and OR 1.72 [95% CI: 1.56, 1.91] for excessive gestational weight gain). The proportions of childhood overweight/obesity prevalence attributable to maternal overweight, maternal obesity, and excessive gestational weight gain ranged from 10.2% to 21.6%. Relative to the effect of maternal BMI, excessive gestational weight gain only slightly increased the risk of childhood overweight/obesity within each clinical BMI category (p-values for interactions of maternal BMI with gestational weight gain: p = 0.038, p < 0.001, and p = 0.637 in early, mid, and late childhood, respectively). Limitations of this study include the self-report of maternal BMI and gestational weight gain for some of the cohorts, and the potential of residual confounding. Also, as this study only included participants from Europe, North America, and Australia, results need to be interpreted with caution with respect to other populations.ConclusionsIn this study, higher maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain were associated with an increased risk of childhood overweight/obesity, with the strongest effects at later ages. The additional effect of gestational weight gain in women who are overweight or obese before pregnancy is small. Given the large po...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Maternal body mass index, gestational weight gain, and the risk of overweight and obesity across childhood: An individual participant data meta-analysis

et al. 2019

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“…7,8 Furthermore, higher maternal pre-pregnant body mass index and inappropriate gestational weight gain also yielded persistent effects on children's growth. 9 However, most of the existing studies have been conducted in Western countries. Since the announcement of the universal two child policy, women giving birth in China are more likely to be older, 10 which is related to adverse pregnancy outcomes.…”

Section: Backg Rou N Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some limitations should be mentioned. Firstly, we were not able to provide full information on follow-up of the children as they have (24) 172 (33) 225 (28) 168 (19) Nuts, g 9 (21) 19 (17) 23 (17) 24 (19) Cookie and cake, g 53 (9) 142 (35) 127 (26) 102 (19) Sugar-sweetened beverage, mL…”

Section: Limitations Of the Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition in Pregnancy and Growth in Southwest China (NPGSC) cohort: Design, implementation, and characteristics

Zhang

Gong

Chen

et al. 2020

Paediatric Perinatal Epid

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Background: Pregnancy and birth cohorts addressing maternal nutrition and its impact on health outcomes have been rare in China, especially in Southwest China. Objectives: To describe the design, implementation, baseline characteristics, and initial results of the Nutrition in Pregnancy and Growth in Southwest China (NPGSC) cohort. Population: Pregnant women with their children in Southwest China. Design: NPGSC participants have been prospectively recruited since 2014. Pregnant women were invited to participate in the study at their first routine ultrasound examination in gestational weeks 9-11. Data were assessed three times during pregnancy (9-11, 20-22, and 33-35 gestation weeks), and eight times in infants and toddlers. Methods: Pre-pregnancy body weight and height were self-reported; gestational weight gain was measured at regular intervals. Both food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) and 24-hour dietary recalls were used to collect dietary intakes during pregnancy, and FFQ for diet before pregnancy. Information on pregnancy outcomes was extracted from the medical birth registry. Anthropometry of children in the first 3 years of life was measured by trained investigators. Other child outcomes, including feeding practices (self-reported by mothers) and cognitive development (assessed by the Chinese version of Ages and Stages Questionnaire), were recorded. Preliminary results: Between 2014 and 2018, 12 989 pregnant women were enrolled, and 2296 children completed the 3 years follow-up. Among them, 115 pregnancies ended in stillbirth. Mean maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was 21.1 kg/m 2 and mean gestational weight gain was 13.5 kg 18.6% of mothers developed gestational diabetes and 1.5% of mothers were diagnosed with preeclampsia. Mean birthweight and birth length of children were, respectively, 3329 g and 49.4 cm. Conclusion: We built a prospective cohort in Southwest China, which can provide valuable data to investigate the relevance of nutrition for the health of mothers and children. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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“…All studies that reported statistical significance levels (n 6) (79,(137)(138)(139)(140)(141) found significantly higher odds of adolescent OW/OB due to maternal OW/OB. (61,79,137,140,141,143,144) of adolescent OW/OB secondary to paternal OW/OB, or a positive correlation (145) , which was classified according to the WHO standards (136) in seven of the eight articles. All studies that reported statistical significance levels (n 5) (79,137,140,141,144) found significantly higher odds of adolescent OW/OB due to paternal OW/OB.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…breastfeeding duration and exclusivity (60) ), as well as un-modifiable predictors (e.g. parental BMI (61) , child birth weight (62) Adolescents (34) (2017), United Kingdom (UK) National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Obesity: identification, assessment and management (37) and New…”

Section: Bmi Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

i-PATHWAY: a clinical prediction model to prevent childhood obesity

Canfell

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Background In Australia, almost one-in-four (24.9%) children (aged 5-17 years) live with overweight or obesity (OW/OB). Prevention requires prioritisation, yet clinical practice in Australia focuses on identification, treatment and management. There are limited clinical, health system-integrated strategies to facilitate childhood OW/OB prevention. The first 1,000 days (conception-2 years) is an optimal time period for childhood OW/OB prevention. Prediction modelling is an emerging field of preventive medicine with ability to identify patients at-risk of disease, enhance clinical decision-making and reduce disease risk. A prediction model that can identify risk for childhood OW/OB from the first 1,000 days may promote preventive clinical decision-making by health professionals as part of routine care. This thesis aimed to develop and validate a prediction model (i-PATHWAY, infant-Practitioner Assessment Tool for Healthy Weight in pre-Adolescent Years) for childhood OW/OB that is translatable to clinical practice in Australia. Methodology This thesis employed mixed-methodology across five progressive yet unique studies: (1) Study 1 (systematic literature review) investigated the global availability of prediction models for OW/OB across the lifespan. (2) Study 2 (literature review) narratively assessed the predictive strength and clinical utility of predictors for childhood OW/OB to inform the selection of candidate predictors for i-PATHWAY. (3) Study 3 (predictive analytics) used a Western Australian prospective birth cohortthe Raine Study (n 1,947)-and considered 14 candidate predictors to develop and internally validate (via bootstrapping) i-PATHWAY to predict childhood OW/OB at age 8-9 years. Missing data were handled using the multiple imputation by chained equations (mice) method. Predictive accuracy and clinical relevance were assessed via calibration, discrimination and decision-threshold analysis. (4) Study 4 (qualitative semi-structured interviews) investigated the attitudes of i-PATHWAY end-users-health professionals (n 18) and caregivers of infants (aged 0-2 years) (n 13) towards predicting childhood OW/OB in clinical practice and explored ways to optimise the language and phrasing of i-PATHWAY to promote sensitivity and acceptability.

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Parental pre‐pregnancy obesity and the risk of offspring weight and body mass index change from childhood to adulthood

Cited by 17 publications

References 55 publications

Maternal body mass index, gestational weight gain, and the risk of overweight and obesity across childhood: An individual participant data meta-analysis

Maternal body mass index, gestational weight gain, and the risk of overweight and obesity across childhood: An individual participant data meta-analysis

Nutrition in Pregnancy and Growth in Southwest China (NPGSC) cohort: Design, implementation, and characteristics

i-PATHWAY: a clinical prediction model to prevent childhood obesity

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