Parental Perceptions Following Cleft Lip Repair in Their Children

Abstract

Objective: Cleft lip (CL) repair at 3 months is chosen mostly out of convention and offers minimal functional benefit. Potentially, a better cosmetic outcome is possible by delaying repair. This study examines parental perceptions around repair at 3 months to determine if current guidelines are appropriate. Design: Retrospective cross-sectional survey. Setting: Tertiary-care institution. Participants: Parents of children with CL AE P under age 6 years who underwent CL repair from 2004 to 2011 at our center were surveyed (n ¼ 64). Response rate was 61% (n ¼ 37). Methods: Open-ended survey asked about various aspects of parental perceptions before and after repair. Qualitative data analysis is used to interpret survey responses. Statistics: Fisher exact test using contingency tables to identify statistically significant results.Results: Nearly all (36/37) parents felt repair was important, citing reasons such as feeding, speech, and appearance. Most (28/37) felt surgery would fix the problem. A portion of parents (15/37) would delay repair if better aesthetics were possible later, but most would not (20/37). Most parents were satisfied with repair quality (33/37). On average, repair did not impact parent-child bonding, and eliminated negative interactions with strangers that parents found distressing. Conclusions: Arguably, positive parental perceptions of their child's condition reflect favorably on the child's well-being, and may outweigh any future aesthetic benefit. Therefore, current recommendations should be upheld. However, given that some parents would consider delaying repair, they could be offered this option. Future efforts should examine cultural factors, and aesthetic and developmental outcomes of repair at different ages to determine optimal repair timing.

A Brief Comparative History Analysis

“…Some adolescents are interested in cosmetic surgery for psychological reasons, 37 and parents have reported improved child well-being and reduced anxiety as benefits of cosmetic surgery. 38 But evidence of safety and postoperative outcomes is limited for cosmetic procedures performed on children, 39,40 and the same may be true of genetic enhancement.…”