Parental Investments and Children's Human Capital in Low-to-Middle-Income Countries

Behrman, Jere R.

doi:10.1017/9781009336147

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 177 publications

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“…Greater parental income is associated with a higher level of education, and this relationship is likely to be bi‐directional (Washbrook et al, 2014). Both parental income and education are associated with quality caregiving at home, for example, language stimulation with learning opportunities at home such as reading books (Behrman, 2022; Malhi et al, 2014). Targeting parenting interventions at families with lower education and income would have the potential to reduce the perpetual education inequalities within vulnerable families.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Greater parental income is associated with a higher level of education, and this relationship is likely to be bi-directional (Washbrook et al, 2014). Both parental income and education are associated with quality caregiving at home, for example, language stimulation with learning opportunities at home such as reading books (Behrman, 2022;Malhi et al, 2014) More proxy-based measures of SEP, including wealth (based on assets) and caste, were less consistently associated with the ECD outcomes. This contrasts with studies looking at the association between SEP and growth in children, which typically do show a positive association between measures of wealth and growth outcomes (Sheppard et al, 2009).…”

Section: Socioemotional Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Socioeconomic inequalities in early child development in children aged under 36 months in South Asia: A systematic review

Chandrasenage,

Markey,

Johnson

et al. 2023

Child

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BackgroundIn South Asia, 89 million children under 5 are at risk of not reaching their developmental potential. Household socioeconomic position (SEP) is a determinant of early child development (ECD). However, synthesised evidence for the association between ECD and SEP in young children in South Asia is not available. Therefore, this review synthesises evidence on the relationship of household SEP with ECD in children under 36 months of age in South Asia.MethodPubMed, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE and Scopus were systematically searched to identify studies from South Asian countries that reported evidence on the association between SEP and ECD. Search terms included items related to motor, cognitive, language and socioemotional development. Study quality was assessed using the QualSyst tool, with three quality levels (high/medium/low), and a narrative review for each ECD outcome was constructed (PROSPERO registration: CRD42019131533).ResultsTwelve of the 950 publications screened met the inclusion criteria (nine from India, two Nepal and one Bangladesh). The majority (n = 10, 83%) reported language development on its own or alongside another ECD outcome. Fewer articles assessed cognitive (n = 6, 50%), motor (n = 7, 58%) or socioemotional development (n = 3, 25%). Higher SEP was associated with better ECD for one third of the associations reported. One ECD outcome (socioemotional development) was negatively associated (with socioeconomic status) based on low quality evidence. Mother's education and family income were the major SEP constructs associated with ECD. One, four and seven studies were rated as having a low, medium and high risk of bias, respectively.ConclusionThis review reveals the scarcity of evidence exploring associations between household SEP and ECD in children under 36 months in South Asia, especially outside of India. Enhancing evidence for associations between ECD and SEP is needed for evidence‐based policy making to reduce developmental delays associated with a disadvantaged SEP in the South Asian region.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Socioemotional Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic inequalities in early child development in children aged under 36 months in South Asia: A systematic review

Chandrasenage,

Markey,

Johnson

et al. 2023

Child

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“…According to [13], the effectiveness of human capital depends on the efforts and will of a person, his responsibility, personal interests, his upbringing, level of culture and worldview. Therefore, investing in human capital is risky.…”

Section: Fig 1 Directions Of the Influence Of Education On The Pace O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investments in human capital in agriculture

Yekimov,

Oleksenko,

Vokhidova

et al. 2023

E3S Web of Conf.

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The efficiency of the functioning of agricultural enterprises largely depends on the effective use of the labor potential available to the enterprise. Labor capital defines the basis for the formation of labor potential. Labor capital depends on the acquired skills, knowledge, and skills in the process of professional retraining, training, and self-education. At the same time , the condition for the effective realization of an individual 's labor potential is his biophysical potential , his tendency to bad habits , or vice versa , commitment to a healthy lifestyle . The efficiency of the use of labor capital largely depends on the economic conditions of the habitat, the development of the health protection system, and the promotion of a healthy lifestyle among the population. The effective use of labor capital is also closely correlated with people 's motivation . In the presence of proper motivation, a person not only performs his professional duties more efficiently, but also strives for self-education, acquisition of new skills and abilities. Stable economic growth rates are possible with effective investments in human capital. Investments in human capital create prerequisites for career growth, a decent level of remuneration and a high quality of life.

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“…Moreover, if parenting exhibits diminishing marginal utility then earlier-born children, and firstborns in particular, might be favoured. On the other hand, parents might learn from raising successive children, with successive children benefitting from more mature parents (Behrman et al, 1984). More mature parents might also be less concerned about advancing their careers, and more concerned about the prosperity of future generations of the family.…”

Section: Why Birth Order Mattersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth Order Effects in the Developed and Developing World: Evidence from International Test Scores

Andersen

Güneş

2023

SSRN Journal

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Parental Investments and Children's Human Capital in Low-to-Middle-Income Countries

Cited by 13 publications

References 177 publications

Socioeconomic inequalities in early child development in children aged under 36 months in South Asia: A systematic review

Socioeconomic inequalities in early child development in children aged under 36 months in South Asia: A systematic review

Investments in human capital in agriculture

Birth Order Effects in the Developed and Developing World: Evidence from International Test Scores

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