Parental exposure to lead and small for gestational age births

Chen, Pau‐Chung; Pan, I-Jen; Wang, Jung‐Der

doi:10.1002/ajim.20313

Cited by 46 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The effects of B-Pb on preterm delivery (or length of gestation) and LBW (or small-for-gestational-age) are similarly divided in the literature, with some authors reporting no effect on one or both of the variables,7,8,46,47 and others reporting linear associations,16,18 or a doubling37 or even trebling10 of risk for B-Pb > 10 μ g/dl (see Table S2). In line with these findings, but using a lower cut-off level of 5 μ g/dl, we found that the risk of preterm delivery in women with levels ≥ 5 μ g/dl was twice that in women with levels < 5 μ g/dl.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse effects of maternal lead levels on birth outcomes in the ALSPAC study: a prospective birth cohort study

Taylor

Golding

Emond

2014

BJOG

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveTo study the associations of prenatal blood lead levels (B-Pb) with pregnancy outcomes in a large cohort of mother–child pairs in the UK.DesignProspective birth cohort study.SettingAvon area of Bristol, UK.PopulationPregnant women enrolled in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC).MethodsWhole blood samples were collected and analysed by inductively coupled plasma dynamic reaction cell mass spectrometry (n = 4285). Data collected on the infants included anthropometric variables and gestational age at delivery. Linear regression models for continuous outcomes and logistic regression models for categorical outcomes were adjusted for covariates including maternal height, smoking, parity, sex of the baby and gestational age.Main outcome measuresBirthweight, head circumference and crown–heel length, preterm delivery and low birthweight.ResultsThe mean blood lead level (B-Pb) was 3.67 ± 1.47 μg/dl. B-Pb ≥ 5 μg/dl significantly increased the risk of preterm delivery (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.00 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.35–3.00) but not of having a low birthweight baby (adjusted OR 1.37, 95% CI 0.86–2.18) in multivariable binary logistic models. Increasing B-Pb was significantly associated with reductions in birth weight (β −13.23, 95% CI −23.75 to −2.70), head circumference (β −0.04, 95% CI −0.07 to −0.06) and crown–heel length (β −0.05, 95% CI −0.10 to −0.00) in multivariable linear regression models.ConclusionsThere was evidence for adverse effects of maternal B-Pb on the incidence of preterm delivery, birthweight, head circumference and crown–heel length, but not on the incidence of low birthweight, in this group of women.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse effects of maternal lead levels on birth outcomes in the ALSPAC study: a prospective birth cohort study

Taylor

Golding

Emond

2014

BJOG

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…26 Maternal lead exposure during pregnancy was reported to negatively affect gestational length and to increase the risk of preterm and small-for-gestational age infants. 1,11,12,14,25,27 However, in these studies, the lead levels in maternal blood were .5 mg/dL, thus the effects of the very low levels currently observed in developed countries are still to be thoroughly evaluated. In addition, environmental constraints on fetal growth may not only affect birth outcomes, but also have lasting effects on postnatal growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8,9 Although the sensitive period remains undetermined, prenatal exposure to lead is of particular concern because lead is known to cross the placenta and cause adverse birth outcomes, such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and small for gestational age. 1,[10][11][12][13][14][15] Schell et al 12 found that maternal blood lead levels of $3 mg/dL during the second trimester were associated with reduced head circumference at 6 and 12 months, but had no significant effects at ,3 mg/dL. Afeiche et al, 16 in a follow-up study of attained child weight, found that prenatal maternal bone lead was associated with lower weight over time among girls up to 5 years of age.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Postnatal Growth Following Prenatal Lead Exposure and Calcium Intake

Hong¹,

Kulkarni

Lim

et al. 2014

Pediatrics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT:Lead is an ubiquitous environmental pollutant, and no safe threshold for blood lead level in children has been discovered yet. Prenatal lead exposure affects growth of children.WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS: Low level of prenatal lead exposure of ,5.0 mg/dL affects postnatal children' s growth, which was further intensified by low calcium intake. abstract BACKGROUND: The effects on postnatal growth of maternal exposure to low levels of lead during pregnancy have not been well established. In addition, information is limited regarding the protective effect of dietary calcium intake during pregnancy against the effect of lead for fetal and postnatal growth. We investigated the relationship between prenatal exposure to lead and growth at birth and 6, 12, and 24 months postnatal, and evaluated the role of calcium intake against the effect of lead. METHODS:A total of 1150 pregnant women, and their subsequent offspring, enrolled in a prospective birth cohort study (Mothers and Children' s Environmental Health Study), were evaluated. Multivariable regression analysis was conducted to estimate the effects of prenatal maternal blood lead levels on growth at each follow-up. RESULTS:The blood lead levels of participating mothers were ,5.0 mg/dL and mean levels were 1.25 mg/dL during the early (before 20 gestational weeks) and late (at delivery) gestational periods. Prenatal exposure to lead, particularly in late pregnancy, was significantly associated with a reduction in infantile growth at 24 months. When pregnant women had dietary calcium intake at mean or upper level, the association was not significant. In contrast, lower than mean level of calcium intake intensified the adverse effect of prenatal lead exposure on growth in children.CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal lead exposure ,5.0 mg/dL adversely affects postnatal growth and low calcium intake aggravates the effect, indicating more stringent control of lead and sufficient intake of calcium are necessary to help children' s health.

show abstract

“…In general, the literature regarding metal exposure and fetal growth outcomes is inconsistent. Some studies report an association (Rahman et al, 2009;Llanos and Ronco, 2009;Bellinger et al, 1991;Chen et al, 2006;Foldspang and Hansen, 1990;Hopenhayn et al, 2003;Kippler et al, 2011;Lee et al, 2010;Lin et al, 2011;Nishijo et al, 2004;Odland et al, 1999;Osman et al, 2000;Ramón et al, 2009;Shirai et al, 2010;Tian et al, 2009;Xie et al, 2013;Yang et al, 2003;Zhu et al, 2010) while others report no association (Odland et al, 1999;Osman et al, 2000;Ding et al, 2013;Daniels et al, 2007;Galicia-García et al, 1997;Jones et al, 2010;Sowers et al, 2002;Menai et al, 2012;Loiacono et al, 1992;Lucas et al, 2004). Few studies have examined low-level exposure as currently experienced in most developed countries such as Canada, thus any resultant health effects are relatively unknown.…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

Metals exposure and risk of small-for-gestational age birth in a Canadian birth cohort: The MIREC study

Thomas

Arbuckle

Fisher

et al. 2015

Environmental Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Parental exposure to lead and small for gestational age births

Abstract: Additional evidence of the effects of lead on adverse birth outcomes, especially for SGA births is reported. Maternal exposure to lead plays a more important role in the adverse effect on birth outcome than does paternal exposure.

Cited by 46 publications

References 33 publications

Adverse effects of maternal lead levels on birth outcomes in the ALSPAC study: a prospective birth cohort study

Adverse effects of maternal lead levels on birth outcomes in the ALSPAC study: a prospective birth cohort study

Postnatal Growth Following Prenatal Lead Exposure and Calcium Intake

Metals exposure and risk of small-for-gestational age birth in a Canadian birth cohort: The MIREC study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About