Parental consanguinity in Hong Kong

Abstract

Enantioselective syntheses Enantioselective syntheses O 0031Catalytic Asymmetric Epoxidation of Alkenes with Arabinose-Derived Uloses.-Four L-erythro-2-uloses such as (I) are prepared and applied as catalysts in the epoxidation of trans-stilbene using Oxone as oxidant. Compounds (I) exhibit good enantioselectivities (up to 90% e.e.) but give only poor yields due to decomposition of the uloses during the reaction. Three L-threo-3-uloses such as (II) are not decomposed under epoxidation conditions and higher yields but lower enantioselectivities are obtained. (II) give moderate enantioselectivities and good yields in epoxidations of di-and trisubstituted alkenes.

What should be the focus of counseling in parental consanguinity: genetic disorders or underlying beliefs

“…However, pre-eclampsia was significantly higher in the consanguineous group than those of the non-consanguineous group (4.2% vs 1.2%; P = 0.02). Of remarkable findings of this study were that during their previous pregnancy, women in the consanguineous group had a significantly higher rate of congenital abnormality, fetal demise, and neonatal death than those of the non-consanguineous group [4].…”

“…One of the consequences of this type of marriage is the occurrence of genetic disorders or congenital malformations in the offspring of parents. In a retrospective study, Siong and colleagues [4] investigated the characteristics of parental consanguinity in multi-ethnic groups (n = 56,657 fetuses) and its effects on health outcomes. In that study, 0.6% of fetuses were conceived by consanguineous parents.…”

“…A study showed that offspring of consanguineous couples had a more than 4 times higher risk of having congenital anomalies, compared with those of non-consanguineous couples. In addition, parental consanguinity significantly increased the risk of developmental delay, autism, and the prevalence of structural malformations such as cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and urological systems compared with nonconsanguineous couples [4]. In addition, consanguineous marriage is found to be associated with an increased risk for autosomal recessive diseases [5], such as betathalassemia major [4,6], cystic fibrosis, and Tay-Sachs disease [6], a deficiency of hydrolase β-hexosaminidase.…”

Expanded carrier screening for recessive genetic disorders: a review

“…ACOG recommends genetic counselling for consanguineous couples on the increased risk of recessive disorders being expressed in their offspring and the limitations and benefits of ethnicity-based screening 1 . In Hong Kong, the overall prevalence of parental consanguinity was 0.6%, of which most were ethnic Pakistani 7 . Offspring of consanguineous parents has significantly higher risk of recessive disorders (odds ratio [OR]=8.7), structural abnormalities (OR=4.55), and developmental delay (OR=6.72) 7 .…”

“…In Hong Kong, the overall prevalence of parental consanguinity was 0.6%, of which most were ethnic Pakistani 7 . Offspring of consanguineous parents has significantly higher risk of recessive disorders (odds ratio [OR]=8.7), structural abnormalities (OR=4.55), and developmental delay (OR=6.72) 7 . It is important to identify consanguineous couples for preconception or prenatal genetic counselling on the increased risk of recessive disorders.…”