“…In addition, various studies have shown that low levels of perceived parenting competence are related to feelings of stress (Iadarola et al, 2018), anxiety (Chavis, 2016), fatigue (Cooklin, Giallo, & Rose, 2012), and depression (Angley, Divney, Magriples, & Kershaw, 2014) while in maternal roles. For all these reasons, the need for high-quality measurement methods for assessing and improving the effectiveness of current parenting competence interventions has been highlighted (Ruiz, Serrano, & Mujika, 2017). Given the properties and considerations described for the Spanish version of the PSOC, the present study aimed to develop a new version of this instrument with better psychometric properties.…”