Parental Adverse Childhood Experiences and Offspring Development at 2 Years of Age

Abstract

Parental ACE exposures can negatively impact child development in multiple domains, including problem solving, communication, personal-social, and motor skills. Research is needed to elucidate the psychosocial and biological mechanisms of intergenerational risk. This research has implications for the value of parental ACE screening in the context of pediatric primary care.

Adverse Childhood Experiences in Children with Intellectual Disabilities: An Exploratory Case-File Study in Dutch Residential Care

“…Second, as De Hondsberg has a specialized and national function, only observing and treating the most severe cases of children with ID, other groups of children with ID should also be included in research. Also, the results of the present study suggest the need for an intergenerational approach [ 81 , 82 , 88 , 89 , 90 ] concerning ACEs in children, as both child characteristics and living characteristics possibly influence the number of ACEs experienced in children with ID. At last, because of their higher risk for ACEs and the fact that trauma related disorders are being missed frequently in individuals with ID, professionals in clinical youth care should be aware of the possible presence of ACEs and their profound impact on development and health.…”

“…Recent studies examined the impact of parental ACEs on children in the general population. Overall, parental ACEs seem to have a transgenerational relationship with developmental problems in their children [ 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 ]. More parental ACEs and less resilience have been found to be associated with parental coping difficulties [ 84 ].…”

“…More parental ACEs and less resilience have been found to be associated with parental coping difficulties [ 84 ]. A study by Folger and colleagues showed that parental ACEs can negatively impact child development at 2 years of age on the following domains: communication, problem solving and personal- social- and motor skills [ 82 ]. Children of parents who experienced 4 ACEs or more, were 4 times as likely to have mental health problems [ 81 ].…”

Trauma-Informed Care for Children and Adolescents

“…Through such a dyadic approach in practice, the author identified a direct correlation between caregiver ACEs and development delay in young children. 8 Employing a dyadic approach in screening for childhood adversity and toxic stress assumes that the primary care provider recognizes the importance of the parent or caregiver's role in providing a nurturing positive relationship to buffer the effects of trauma. The article, "New Approach to Pediatric Treatment Planning to Support Caregivers Living with Adversities," by Dr. Anu Partap provides an essential glimpse into the world of the caregiver whose own adversity may prevent them from providing a secure base of attachment for the child.…”

Promoting Cognitive and Fine Motor Development in the Art Room for Young Students with Exposure to Trauma: an Exploratory Case Study.

“…Living in poverty or low socioeconomic conditions does not necessarily indicate the presence of ACEs (Poverty and Adverse Childhood Experiences, 2018). However, children living in poverty may be at greater risk of accumulating ACEs because of factors such as parental distress and parental exposure to ACEs (Hughes & Tucker, 2018;Woods-Jaeger, Cho, Sexton, et al, 2018) The combination of economic hardship and ACEs makes it extremely difficult for families to provide children with the nurturing and safe environments needed for healthy development (Woods-Jaeger, Cho, Sexton, et al, 2018) According to a study that determined the relationship between maternal and paternal exposures to ACEs and the impact they have on offspring development, as the number of ACEs increase for mothers and fathers, there is a significant increased risk in possible developmental delays in their children (Folger, Eismann, & Stephenson, 2018). More specifically, a higher number of maternal ACEs was linked to an increased chance of their child having suspected motor, social, and communicative delays (Folger et al, 2018).…”