Parent Reports of Executive Function Associated with Functional Communication and Conversational Skills Among School Age Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder

Hutchison, Sarah M; Müller, Ulrich; Iarocci, Grace

doi:10.1007/s10803-019-03958-6

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Interestingly, scores on the Attention Switching subscale on the AQ were significantly related to total scores on both the SRS-2 (r = 0.56, p < .0001) and the MSCS (r = -0.53, p < .001). Attention switching is not commonly conceptualized as an aspect of social functioning; however, this result actually supports previous reports of the relationship between executive function and social communication deficits found in children with (McEvoy et al, 1993) and without (Hutchison et al, 2019;Riggs et al, 2006) autism.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Beyond strictly convergent and divergent evidence for the validity of specific subscales, we also examined how relations between subscales mapped on to established theories of social functioning. For example, scores on the AQ Attention Switching subscale were moderately correlated with total scores on both the SRS-2 and MSCS, providing evidence of a link between executive function and social communication abilities (Hutchison et al, 2019;McEvoy et al, 1993). Rose-Krasnor's 1997 proposal that social motivation and social skills are related in social competence was also supported by the current results through a strong correlation between AQ Social Skills scores and Social Motivation scores on the SRS-2 and MSCS.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

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Validating Three Common Self-Report Measures of Social Functioning: Implications for Autism Research

Kaplan‐Kahn¹,

Russo²,

Iarocci³

2021

Preprint

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Social functioning difficulties are a core diagnostic feature of autism spectrum condition (ASC) and are commonly assessed in ASC research. Many measures have been created to assess the various dimensions of social functioning; thus, it is important to evaluate how each scale captures these latent constructs in order to integrate results from studies using different measures. The current brief report assessed the convergent validity (at the subscale level) of three commonly used social functioning scales in ASC research: The Autism Quotient, the Multidimensional Social Competence Scale, and the Social Responsiveness Scale. Amongst a sample of nonclinical adults, the scales showed robust convergent validity between theoretically related subscales, indicating sensitivity to variation in social functioning abilities across diagnostic labels.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Validating Three Common Self-Report Measures of Social Functioning: Implications for Autism Research

Kaplan‐Kahn¹,

Russo²,

Iarocci³

2021

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…While there are reports showing some preserved inhibition in this population [2][3][4], others appear to suggest deficits in inhibitory control in people with ASD [5][6][7][8], such as in response inhibition specifically [9][10][11][12]. Moreover, as inhibition may underlie working memory [13] and cognitive flexibility [1], impairments in inhibition can have significant downstream effects on more complex behaviours required in everyday life in individuals with ASD, such as in reciprocal conversation [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Electroencephalographic (EEG) studies have also revealed that peaks in event-related potentials at around 200 and 300 ms are associated with conflict monitoring and motor inhibition, respectively [26][27][28][29]. This neural activity consists of oscillations at different frequencies, specifically in the theta (4-7 Hz), alpha (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14), beta (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30), and gamma (> 30 Hz) bands, each of which plays a certain role in successful inhibition. For instance, greater oscillatory activity or power in the theta band has been observed selectively in trials involving response inhibition [30][31][32], potentially indicating the monitoring of conflicting responses [33,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha connectivity and inhibitory control in adults with autism spectrum disorder

et al. 2020

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Background Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often report difficulties with inhibition in everyday life. During inhibition tasks, adults with ASD show reduced activation of and connectivity between brain areas implicated in inhibition, suggesting impairments in inhibitory control at the neural level. Our study further investigated these differences by using magnetoencephalography (MEG) to examine the frequency band(s) in which functional connectivity underlying response inhibition occurs, as brain functions are frequency specific, and whether connectivity in certain frequency bands differs between adults with and without ASD. Methods We analysed MEG data from 40 adults with ASD (27 males; 26.94 ± 6.08 years old) and 39 control adults (27 males; 27.29 ± 5.94 years old) who performed a Go/No-go task. The task involved two blocks with different proportions of No-go trials: Inhibition (25% No-go) and Vigilance (75% No-go). We compared whole-brain connectivity in the two groups during correct No-go trials in the Inhibition vs. Vigilance blocks between 0 and 400 ms. Results Despite comparable performance on the Go/No-go task, adults with ASD showed reduced connectivity compared to controls in the alpha band (8–14 Hz) in a network with a main hub in the right inferior frontal gyrus. Decreased connectivity in this network predicted more self-reported difficulties on a measure of inhibition in everyday life. Limitations Measures of everyday inhibitory control were not available for all participants, so this relationship between reduced network connectivity and inhibitory control abilities may not be necessarily representative of all adults with ASD or the larger ASD population. Further research with independent samples of adults with ASD, including those with a wider range of cognitive abilities, would be valuable. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate reduced functional brain connectivity during response inhibition in adults with ASD. As alpha-band synchrony has been linked to top-down control mechanisms, we propose that the lack of alpha synchrony observed in our ASD group may reflect difficulties in suppressing task-irrelevant information, interfering with inhibition in real-life situations.

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“…There are few studies which have used similar tools as the current study, thereby making themselves available for comparison with the findings of the current study. The study by Mahoney et al (2003) offers data on normal controls on interpersonal competence, and Hutchison et al (2019) on executive functioning and emotion regulation. Sakano et al (2019) found the composite standard score on adaptive functioning to be low among children with fetal alcohol exposure, however, many of these individuals were also found to have low IQ.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental competencies, temperament, parenting practices and psychosocial adversities in internalizing disorders

Viswanathan¹,

Kishore²,

Seshadri³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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<p>Research on the etiology of internalizing disorders has focused on biological and environmental factors, however, the role of developmental competencies has not been explored much. The aim of the current report is to understand the developmental competencies, temperament, parenting practices and psychosocial adversities in internalizing disorders. The relationship of each of these domains with functional impairment was also explored. The developmental competencies considered in this study include interpersonal competence, emotion regulation, executive functioning, adaptive behaviour and self-concept. The sample consisted of 30 children and adolescents with internalizing disorders belonging to the age group of six to 18, and one of their parents. Descriptive statistics and correlational analyses were used to analyse the data. The findings revealed that positive parenting shares an inverse relationship with functional impairment; other variables were not found to be related to impairment. On comparison with non-clinical samples in previous studies, interpersonal competence and self-concept were found to be at lower levels in the current sample. A model of a bidirectional relationship between individual and environmental factors together contributing to internalizing disorders has been proposed. The study will be continued on a larger scale on a clinical group and control group to test the significance of this model.</p>

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Parent Reports of Executive Function Associated with Functional Communication and Conversational Skills Among School Age Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder

Cited by 25 publications

References 43 publications

Validating Three Common Self-Report Measures of Social Functioning: Implications for Autism Research

Validating Three Common Self-Report Measures of Social Functioning: Implications for Autism Research

Alpha connectivity and inhibitory control in adults with autism spectrum disorder

Developmental competencies, temperament, parenting practices and psychosocial adversities in internalizing disorders

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