“…In contrast, African American mothers spent more time talking with children about peer-related issues and supporting their children’s efforts to maintain positive friendships. This finding is consistent with a literature that emphasizes closeness and communication within parent–child relationships in African American families, particularly relationships with mothers (Stinnett, Talley, & Walters, 1973). As early as infancy, African American mothers have been observed to engage in more positive and negative emotion talk with their children than is present among European American mothers (Garrett-Peters, Mills-Koonce, Adkins, Vernon-Feagans, & Cox, 2008).…”