“…Mathematics is the crucial basis of education, including all scientific disciplines (Astalini et al, 2022;Sumantri & Satriani, 2016). Mathematics is also of utmost importance for children as it is directly applicable to their daily lives, aids in their cognitive growth, fosters the development of problem-solving abilities, which is an integral aspect of their cultural legacy, and serves as a predictor of their future academic achievements (Merrick & Fyfe, 2023;Novita et al, 2023;Shtulman & Young, 2023). It aids in developing crucial life skills, fosters understanding of the surrounding world, and contributes to personal, cultural, and societal growth.…”