Parathyroid and ultimobranchial glands of the estuarine snake, Cerberus rhynchops (Schneider)

Fine Structure of the Parathyroid and Ultimobranchial Glands of the Snake,Elaphe quadrivirgata

“…It has been reported that snakes have one pair of the ultimobranchial glands and that the glands are located midway between the rostral and caudal pairs of the parathyroid glands (Singh and Kar, 1983;Padgaonkar et aL, 1992). In the present study Elaphe quadrivirgata ultimobranchial glands are found near the caudal parathyroid glands.…”

Morphology and physiological significance of parathyroid glands in reptilia

“…These cells have an ovoid nucleus with a prominent nucleolus and a homogeneous eosinophilic cytoplasm (Clark, 1970;Padgaonkar et al, 1992;Singh and Kar, 1983a,b;Srivastav and Rani, 1992a,b). The follicular epithelium is formed by squa- mous, cuboidal, or low columnar cells (Singh and Kar, 1983a;Srivastav and Rani, 1992a,b).…”

“…The four parathyroid glands of an individual are almost equal in size (Greep, 1963;Warbhuwan, 1990-1991;Padgaonkar et al, 1992;Singh and Kar, 1983a,b;Srivastav and Rani, 1992a,b) but vary between individuals from 0.5-0.6 mm in diameter (Padgaonkar et al, 1992) to 1-2 mm (Oguro, 1970;Singh and Kar, 198313). The rostral (cranial or parathyroid 111) parathyroids lie at the bifurcation of the carotid arteries near the angle of the jaws, whereas the caudal parathyroids (parathyroid IV) lie anterior to the heart between the anterior and posterior lobes of the thymus (Clark, 1970;Oguro, 1972;Warbhuwan, 1990-1991;Roth and Schiller, 1976), or they lie either dorsal to the anterior lobe of the thymus or embedded in it (Clark, 1971;Oguro, 1970;Singh and Kar, 1983b;Srivastav and Rani, 1992a).…”

Endocrinology of the Vertebrates

“…153 for full discussion of this debate). Reptilian parathyroidal characteristics resemble those of birds and mammals (669,670,686,803,804). Clark (151) and Clark et at.…”