Parasitology of juvenile mullet (Mugil liza) and effect of formaldehyde on parasites and host

Pahor-Filho, Eduardo; Filho, Kleber Campos Miranda; Júnior, Joaber Pereira

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2012.03.032

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Monogenoidea also occur in fish with high prevalence and intensity of infestation in the nature (Pahor-Filho et al, 2012) or in rearing systems (Franceschini et al, 2013). However, in contrast to what we observed with R. rondoni, many species are pathogenic and can cause severe injuries in the gills (Arafa et al, 2009;Dezfuli et al, 2007) and even death of the host (Kristmundsson and Helgason, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

Levamisole reduces parasitic infection in juvenile pacu ( Piaractus mesopotamicus )

et al. 2017

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Anthelmintic drugs are successfully used in aquaculture to control parasitic infections or infestations. This study analyzed the effectiveness of levamisole as an antiparasitic and its effect on the liver of juvenile pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus). A total of 300 fish (180 ± 1.27 g; 16 ± 0.4 cm) were fed a diet containing levamisole hydrochloride (LHC) for fifteen days. A control group (T0) and four treatments were tested: T1 (100), T2 (150), T3 (300) and T4 (500) mg kg −1 LHC in quadruplicate (15 fish per repetition). Four fish per treatment (n = 20) were euthanized by sectioning the spinal cord; the sample was forwarded for parasitological analysis. The gill arches and intestines were removed and preserved in formaldehyde 10% for identification and quantification of the parasites. For evaluation of the liver histology, four fish per treatment (n = 20) were euthanized with benzocaine (100 mg L −1 ) for liver removal. In intestines and gills, we identified the parasites Rondonia rondoni (Nematoda, Atractinae) and Anacanthorus penilabiatus (Monogenoidea, Dactylogyridae), respectively. Both were at high prevalence and intensity of infection and infestation, respectively. The 300 mg kg −1 LHC treatment reduced the infection by R. rondoni but not the infestation by A. penilabiatus. Concentrations of 150 and 300 mg kg −1 LHC caused moderate liver changes, and no changes were observed in fish treated with 100 mg kg −1 LHC. The highest concentration of LHC (500 mg kg −1 ) induced a high occurrence of sinusoid dilation, blood congestion and leukocyte infiltration in fish liver. Our results indicate that LHC (300 mg kg −1 ) was effective in controlling the infection by R. rondoni and caused moderate histological changes in pacu liver.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

Levamisole reduces parasitic infection in juvenile pacu ( Piaractus mesopotamicus )

et al. 2017

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“…For example, 1 h‐prophylactic bath with 135 mg L −1 formaldehyde in juvenile M. liza was effective for Monogenoidea eradication (Pahor‐Filho et al . ) In the present investigation, this formaldehyde concentration caused mild and moderate hyperplasia and epithelial detachment, without any behavioural modifications in juvenile M. liza . Disagreeing these results, formaldehyde therapeutic baths with 40 mg L −1 in zebrafish, Danio rerio (F. Hamilton) caused a decrement of oxygen consum‐ption and behavioural changes like increased of swimming and opercular movements after first hours of substance addition (Mohammed et al .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…According to Pahor‐Filho et al . (), 1 h‐prophylactic baths (135 mg L −1 formaldehyde) were effective for controlling Monogenoidea in juvenile of M. liza . In the present study, using this concentration of formaldehyde treatment, it was possible to observe only mild histopathologies in the hosts resulting in high survival of juvenile mullet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Prophylactic baths with formaldehyde (37% gas dissolved in water) has been effective to silver perch, Bidyanus bidyanus (Mitchell) (Rowland, Mifsud, Nixon, Read & Landos ), red porgy, Pagrus pagrus (Mitchell) (Katharios, Papandroulakis & Divanach ), African sharptooth catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell) (Adeyemo, Akano & Emykpe ), M. liza (Pahor‐Filho, Miranda‐Filho & Pereira ). However, studies of chronic toxicity caused by this chemotherapy are scarce for the different stages of development of most cultivated fish species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Histopathological and behaviour effects of formaldehyde treatment in juvenile mullet,Mugil liza(Valenciennes)

et al. 2014

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Considerable losses may be related to diseases caused by parasites in aquaculture. Formaldehyde (37% gas dissolved in water) is an effective chemotherapeutic, widely used to control ectoparasites in fish. However, for many species of fish used in aquaculture, the control of external parasites and the deleterious effects of formaldehyde in shortterm baths are still uncertain. In order to clarify some gaps, 1 h-prophylactic baths (67.5, 135, 270, 405 and 540 mg L À1 formaldehyde in triplicate) were performed in juvenile mullet, Mugil liza (Valenciennes). Results showed that prophylactic baths of 135 mg L À1 formaldehyde by 1 h did not cause death in tested mullets. At this concentration, histopathologies were mild and fish survival was high. However, fish exposed to increasing concentrations of formaldehyde presented severe histopathologies in the gills besides behavioural and morphological alterations. The histopathological and behavioural implications of formaldehyde use in aquaculture are discussed.

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“…Formaldehyde is a compound classified as carcinogen for humans, [23] while in fish farming, it is indicated for the treatment of parasitic diseases and for fungal control [35][36][37] but the surviving organisms can have their health impaired. [22] A formaldehyde has been traditionally used on Australian trout farms as a treatment for Ichthyophthirius multifiliis exposed to 64 mg L ¡1 for 15 min.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Median lethal concentration of formaldehyde and its genotoxic potential in bullfrog tadpoles (Lithobates catesbeianus)

Santana¹,

Reis²,

Teixeira³

et al. 2015

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B

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In order to avoid that contaminated frog farms animals escaping in the environment and become potential vector of emergent diseases, studies with disinfection protocol are strictly necessary. The formaldehyde is one of the compounds tested in fungal disinfection protocols and also used in aquaculture. This study aimed to determine the median lethal concentration (LC50-96h) of formaldehyde in bullfrog tadpoles and to evaluate the possible genotoxic effects in acute exposition. Accordingly, the animals were exposed to formaldehyde in the concentrations of 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 mg L(-1), and after 96 h blood samples were drawn for the micronucleus (MN) test. The LC50-96h was 10.53 mg L(-1), and the MN frequency increased in proportion to the formaldehyde concentrations, with an estimated frequency in the negative control being 1.35 MN/individual. We concluded that formaldehyde is genotoxic to tadpoles of bullfrogs in the tested concentrations, and the choice of this chemical should be contemplated before its use in animals in captivity.

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Parasitology of juvenile mullet (Mugil liza) and effect of formaldehyde on parasites and host

Cited by 20 publications

References 45 publications

Levamisole reduces parasitic infection in juvenile pacu ( Piaractus mesopotamicus )

Levamisole reduces parasitic infection in juvenile pacu ( Piaractus mesopotamicus )

Histopathological and behaviour effects of formaldehyde treatment in juvenile mullet,Mugil liza(Valenciennes)

Median lethal concentration of formaldehyde and its genotoxic potential in bullfrog tadpoles (Lithobates catesbeianus)

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