Parasitism of canola aphids in France in autumn

Desneux, Nicolas; Rabasse, J. M.; Ballanger, Y.; Kaiser, Laure

doi:10.1007/s10340-006-0121-1

Cited by 35 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Also, L. testaceipes is a common parasitoid of Aphis craccivora Koch in urban landscapes ) and this species is one of the most common aphids in the alfalfa Welds in summer . Cereal aphids, especially R. maidis and R. padi, may act as an autumn and winter reservoir of D. rapae, the most common parasitoid of the Brevicoryne brassicae L. (Desneux et al 2006), the main pest of oilseed rape in the region. This means that cereals act as a reservoir of parasitoids that, moreover, interact with aphid populations on other important arable crops such as alfalfa, maize and oilseed rape, or even in orchards, another widespread component of the agricultural landscape of the NE Iberian Peninsula.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal parasitism of cereal aphids in a Mediterranean arable crop system

2007

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We monitored winter cereal Welds in a Mediterranean arable crop system to obtain information about the aphid parasitoid species composition and the aphid-parasitoid interactions through the whole cropping cycle. Nine species of aphid primary parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) were identiWed. The most abundant species were Aphidius rhopalosiphi, Aphidius matricariae, Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus testaceipes. The genus Aphelinus sp. (Hym., Aphelinidae) was also identiWed. We determined seasonal host-parasitoid associations over the entire cereal crop cycle. A number of new such associations were recorded, which were previously unknown in Spain and Europe. Our results indicated broad associations of L. testaceipes and A. matricariae with cereal aphids; furthermore, the association of Aphelinus sp. with several cereal aphid species was also substantial. In the NE of the Iberian Peninsula, the cereal aphid parasitoids that we identiWed are able to develop throughout the crop season on one or more host species. Thus, the main aphid species can be parasitized eVectively throughout the entire cereal crop cycle. We discuss the role of cereal aphid parasitoids in the region in the context of our experimental results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal parasitism of cereal aphids in a Mediterranean arable crop system

2007

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“…Although both species diVer in their behavioral responses to M. persicae on canola (Desneux et al 2004b), both appear well-adapted to this speciWc host-plant complex (Wilson and Lambdin 1987;Desneux et al 2005). In contrast, Aphidius ervi Haliday and A. colemani Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), both parasitoids of M. persicae that are abundant in European agricultural landscapes (Kavallieratos et al 2004;Lumbierres et al 2007), are respectively rarely found and not found at all to attack M. persicae in winter canola (Desneux et al 2006b;Desneux N. unpublished data). Yet, A. colemani is able to parasitize M. persicae on other cruciferous plants, such as cabbage (Kalule and Wright 2004;Langhof et al 2005) and can be reared successfully on M. persicae on winter canola under laboratory conditions (Storeck et al 2000;Colinet et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Various parasitoid species attack M. persicae in cruciferous crops (Schlinger and Mackauer 1963;van Emden et al 1969) and more speciWcally, two aphidiine parasitoids: Aphidius matricariae Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Diaeretiella rapae McIntosh (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) (Desneux et al 2006b;Desneux N. unpublished data) which are dominant in winter canola Welds. Although both species diVer in their behavioral responses to M. persicae on canola (Desneux et al 2004b), both appear well-adapted to this speciWc host-plant complex (Wilson and Lambdin 1987;Desneux et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Plant characteristics mediated by growing conditions can impact parasitoid’s ability to attack host aphids in winter canola

Desneux¹,

Ramírez-Romero

2009

J Pest Sci

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Winter canola (Brassica napus) is an important crop in various parts of the world. It is planted in fall, vernalized during winter and oVers higher yields than spring canola. One of the key aphid pests of this crop is Myzus persicae Sulzer (Homoptera: Aphididae). Recent surveys in Europe showed that M. persicae in winter canola is parasitized by Aphidius matricariae and Diaeretiella rapae, but not by other aphidiine parasitoid species known to attack M. persicae in other crops. During vernalization, winter canola plants acclimatize to survive speciWc climatic conditions of winter, e.g. through the formation of epicuticular waxes on leaves. These waxes could aVect eYciency on natural enemies. In this study, we characterized (1) the ability of aphidiine parasitoids to locate and attack M. persicae on winter canola, and (2) how plant vernalization inXuences parasitoid ability to attack suitable hosts. In the laboratory, the ability of A. ervi, A. matricariae and D. rapae to orient toward odors of the M. persicae-winter canola complex was studied in an olfactometer, as well as their ability to attack M. persicae on winter canola. In addition, the impact of plant species and plant vernalization on the ability of A. colemani to attack and locate M. persicae was evaluated. The results show that A. matricariae and D. rapae readily locate and attack M. persicae on winter canola as does A. ervi, albeit to lesser extent. Aphidius colemani shows low ability to parasitize M. persicae on this plant species. Vernalization of canola is an important factor mediating the ability of A. colemani to attack M. persicae and it likely results from the presence of Brassica's waxes that reduce parasitoid mobility and impact foraging behavior. These results show that aphid parasitoids diVer in their ability to locate and attack M. persicae on winter canola, the latter being a function of parasitoids' capacity to cope with plant characteristics that are mediated by growing conditions.

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“…Our study showed A. ervi, T. complanatus, P. exsoletum and L. fabarum as potential candidate species which could provide biological control of their respective aphid hosts but more studies are needed in order to determine how to manage biological control programs (Desneux et al 2006). Finally, the broadly oligophagy of A. ervi and L. fabarum and the proximity of different crops surrounding alfalfa fields, may contribute to the spill-over of these parasitoid species from alfalfa to other crops in the area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Parasitoid complex of alfalfa aphids in an IPM intensive crop system in northern Catalonia

Pons

Lumbierres

Antoni³

et al. 2011

J Pest Sci

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Alfalfa aphids were monitored and aphid parasitism was determined in three crop-growing seasons (2007)(2008)(2009) in commercial alfalfa fields in valleys close to the Pyrenees, where an intensive arable crop rotation is practised under non-tillage and an integrated pest management system. Acyrthosiphon pisum, Therioaphis trifolii, and Aphis craccivora were the aphid species colonizing alfalfa fields but their occurrence varied between years. Thirteen Aphidiinae parasitoid species and four Aphelinidae from the genus Aphelinus sp. were recorded. Aphidius ervi was the prevalent parasitoid species associated with A. pisum but Praon barbatum was also noticeable, especially during the first year. Trioxys complanatus and P. exsoletum were the only species associated with T. trifolii. Lysiphlebus fabarum was the prevalent parasitoid species associated with A. craccivora. The occurrence of Lysiphlebus testaceipes parasitizing A. craccivora on alfalfa is a new record for the study region because this parasitoid species had only been previously found on weeds. Only A. pisum and A. craccivora were parasitized by Aphelinus sp. Whereas A. abdominalis and A. semiflavus were associated with A. pisum, A. chaonia, and Aphelinus sp. nr. albipodus were associated with A. craccivora. Associations between aphid species and Aphidiinae or Aphelinidae parasitoid species emphasize that individual aphid species also possess individual parasitoid complexes (guilds) which do not interfere with each other in alfalfa. Alloxysta victrix, A. macrophadna, Alloxysta spp., Asaphes suspensus, A. vulgaris, Dendrocerus aphidum, Pachyneuron aphidis and Syrphophagus aphidivorus were the hyperparasitoids associated with aphid-parasitoid complexes. Our study showed A. ervi, T. complanatus, P. exsoletum, and L. fabarum as potential candidate species which could provide biological control of their respectively aphid hosts in alfalfa.

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Parasitism of canola aphids in France in autumn

Cited by 35 publications

References 10 publications

Seasonal parasitism of cereal aphids in a Mediterranean arable crop system

Seasonal parasitism of cereal aphids in a Mediterranean arable crop system

Plant characteristics mediated by growing conditions can impact parasitoid’s ability to attack host aphids in winter canola

Parasitoid complex of alfalfa aphids in an IPM intensive crop system in northern Catalonia

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