Parasitism-induced hemolymph polypeptides in Manduca sexta (L.) larvae parasitized by the braconid wasp Cotesia congregata (Say)

Beckage, Nancy E.; Templeton, Thomas J.; Nielsen, Barbara; Cook, Doug; Stoltz, Donald B.

doi:10.1016/0020-1790(87)90005-9

Cited by 77 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Several parasitism-specific host hemolymph proteins have been characterized in Munducu sextu [7,8]. Most notably, a prominent 33-kd* polypeptide appears in the hemolymph as early as 4-6 h after the host is parasitized [8]. This protein later decreases in abundance whde synthesis of other higher molec-*Abbreviations: IEF = isoelectric focusing; kd = kilodalton; MW = molecular weight; pl = isoelectric point; SDS-PAGE = sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; 2-D = two-dimensional.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of hemolymph polypeptides in Manduca sexta larvae parasitized by Cotesia congregata: A two‐dimensional electrophoretic analysis and comparison with major bacteria‐induced proteins

Beckage

Nesbit

Nielsen

et al. 1989

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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Analyses using one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) previously demonstrated that parasitization by the braconid wasp Cotesia congregata significantly alters the normal hemolymph polypeptide profile of host Manduca sexta larvae. In the present study twodimensional gel analyses corroborated our earlier findings and provided additional evidence that multiple parasitism-specific polypeptides were induced, which varied according to the stage of development of the wasps. Parasitization additionally elicited changes in the total protein concentration detected in the blood. Initially an elevation was observed, with newly parasitized larvae exhibiting a twofold elevation in hemolymph protein concentration by 12-24 h postoviposition. In contrast, terminal-stage hosts with second instar parasites had significantly less protein in the hemolymph, likely due to reduced growth and inhibition of arylphorin synthesis by the fat body during the final stages of parasitism. Comparison of the array of hemolymph polypeptides produced in unparasitized larvae injected with 106cells of the gram-negative bacterium Enterobacter cloacae with those proteins induced by parasitization indicated the two classes are different. Our findings confirm that the host Acknowledgments: We sincerely thank Dr. Jerald Ensign (Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin) for providing bacterial cultures; Dr. Robert Ryan (Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta) for the Manduca arylphorin standard; Dr. Walt Goodman (Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin) for the insecticyanin standard; and Dr. Karl Kramer (USDA-ARS, Manhattan, KS) for manuscript review. We also thank Ms. Sue Eder for expert secretarial assistance, and Donna Ballard, Sam Gottlieb, and Eric Erickson for insect rearing. response t o parasitism is a specific one, and not mimicked by bacterial challenge. During short-term in vitro culture of wasp larvae dissected from t h e host hemocoel, several proteins were detected in t h e medium using SDS-PAGE, with their appearance in vitro suggestive of secretion by t h e wasps in vivo. Moreover, hemolymph from t h e parasites had significant amounts of putative host proteins, including an arylphorin-like polypeptide and a protein with a mobility similar t o that of insecticyanin. Thus, a dynamic interchange of proteins may occur, with t h e parasites accumulating host proteins while simultaneously secreting a variety of factors into t h e host hemocoel.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of hemolymph polypeptides in Manduca sexta larvae parasitized by Cotesia congregata: A two‐dimensional electrophoretic analysis and comparison with major bacteria‐induced proteins

Beckage

Nesbit

Nielsen

et al. 1989

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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“…Thus it is at present impossible to ascribe any common function to ichneumonid venoms. What little is known concerning parasitoid venoms would in fact suggest that they consist of a rather complex mixture of polypeptides (see Beckage et al, 1987) and pharmacologically active substances (Beard, 1978) therefore an equivalent functional complexity should perhaps be expected. …”

Section: Short Communication (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Venom Promotes Uncoating in vitro and Persistence in vivo of DNA from a Braconid Polydnavirus

Stoltz

Guzo

Belland

et al. 1988

Journal of General Virology

111

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SUMMARYEarlier studies have suggested that successful parasitism by certain braconid parasitoids may depend on the presence in host insect larvae of both polydnavirus and venom. We have shown that venom from the braconid parasitoid, Cotesia melanoscela, was required for in vivo persistence of polydnavirus DNA in host larvae. In parallel studies using an in vitro system, we observed that in the presence of venom nucleocapsids were released into the cytoplasm and subsequently uncoated at nuclear pores; in the absence of venom, this sequence of events was not observed.

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“…Compared to the control, some proteins seem to be inhibited when avirulent C. sesamiae Mombasa parasitizes B. fusca while others are enhanced in the fat body when the virulent C. sesamiae Kitale parasitizes the hosts. Th ese alterations may be associated with suppression of host defence mechanism as suggested by other authors (Beckage et al 1986;Stolz & Guzo 1986;Beckage & Kanost 1993;Strand & Noda 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…A 32-kDa protein (Crp32) and a heat-shock proteins CrHs70 and calreticulin CrCRT have been implicated in the prevention of cellular encapsulation of C. rubecula eggs in Pieris rapae (Asgari et al 2003). Beckage et al (1986) found that Manduca sexta (L. 1763) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) larvae naturally parasitized by Cotesia congregata (Say 1836) produced proteins of 56-kDA and 60-kDA whereas larvae injected with calyx cells (cells where PDV's are produced) extract, produced a 33-kDA polypeptide. Th e authors concluded that this polypeptide results from a viral gene expression or is a protein induced by presence of the virus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calyx fluid proteins of twoCotesia sesamiae(Cameron) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) biotypes in Kenya: implications to biological control of the stem borerBusseola fusca(Fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Gitau

Dupas²,

Ngi-Song

et al. 2006

Annales de la Société entomologique de France (N.S.)

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Abstract. Cotesia sesamiae (Cameron) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is an indigenous larval endoparasitoid of Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in sub-Saharan Africa. In Kenya, reports suggest that C. sesamiae occurs as two biotypes. Biotype avirulent to B. fusca gets encapsulated by haemocytes in this host and is unable to complete development. Biotype virulent to B. fusca is able to overcome immune defences. Factors present in the calyx fl uid such as the PolyDNAviruses (PDV), venom and calyx fl uid proteins have been implicated in the variation of C. sesamiae virulence against B. fusca. In the present study, calyx fl uid proteins of the two C. sesamiae biotypes were compared using 2-D gel electrophoresis. More protein spots were observed in the virulent parasitoid calyx fl uid, but some proteins were specifi cally observed in the avirulent parasitoid calyx fl uid while others were observed in both. To study changes in proteins due to parasitism of B. fusca larvae by the two strains, SDS-PAGE gel were performed on fat body tissues and the haemolymph at three time points. Differences between the two strains were observed in both the fat body and haemolymph tissues. Parasitism-specifi c protein bands were detectable in fat body tissues of B. fusca larvae parasitized by the two C. sesamiae strains. These proteins were absent in unparasitized larvae. Implications for using C. sesamiae as a biocontrol agent of B. fusca in Africa are discussed.Résumé. Protéines des fl uides du calyx de deux biotypes de Cotesia sesamiae (Cameron) (Hymenoptera : Braconidae) au Kenya: implications pour le contrôle biologique du foreur Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae). Cotesia sesamiae (Cameron) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) est un parasitoïde larvaire indigène de Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) en Afrique sub-saharienne. Au Kenya C. sesamiae existe sous forme de deux biotypes. Le biotype avirulent pour B. fusca, encapsulé par les hémocytes de cet hôte est incapable de s'y développer. Le biotype virulent est capable de contourner ses défenses immunitaires de B. fusca. Des facteurs présents dans le fl uide du calyx de la guêpe ont été impliqués dans ces variations de virulence. Dans la présente étude, les protéines du calyx de guêpes appartenant aux deux biotypes furent comparées sur gel d'électrophorèse bidimensionnelle. Globalement, plus de spots protéiques furent observés chez la souche virulente, mais certains furent observés spécifi quement chez le biotype virulent, d'autres enfi n, chez les deux biotypes du parasitoïde. Afi n de comparer la localisation dans la larve et dans le temps des changements protéiques dus aux infestations par les deux biotypes, des gels SDS-PAGE furent réalisés à partir d'extraits de l'hémolymphe et du corps gras prélevés à trois intervalles de temps après l'infestation. Les différences entre les souches furent observées pour les deux tissus. Certaines protéines, spécifi ques du parasitisme, absentes des larves non parasitées, furent observées dans le corps gras des ...

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Parasitism-induced hemolymph polypeptides in Manduca sexta (L.) larvae parasitized by the braconid wasp Cotesia congregata (Say)

Cited by 77 publications

References 57 publications

Alteration of hemolymph polypeptides in Manduca sexta larvae parasitized by Cotesia congregata: A two‐dimensional electrophoretic analysis and comparison with major bacteria‐induced proteins

Alteration of hemolymph polypeptides in Manduca sexta larvae parasitized by Cotesia congregata: A two‐dimensional electrophoretic analysis and comparison with major bacteria‐induced proteins

Venom Promotes Uncoating in vitro and Persistence in vivo of DNA from a Braconid Polydnavirus

Calyx fluid proteins of twoCotesia sesamiae(Cameron) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) biotypes in Kenya: implications to biological control of the stem borerBusseola fusca(Fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

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