Parasitism by Ixodes Dammini (Acari: Ixodidae) and Antibodies to Spirochetes in Mammals at Lyme Disease Foci in Connecticut, USA1

Magnarelli, Louis A.; Anderson, John F.; Burgdorfer, Willy; Chappell, W. Adrian

doi:10.1093/jmedent/21.1.52

Cited by 69 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…In Hokkaido, Japan, Isogai et al [6] reported that the positive rate of sika deer with Lyme disease was 25.0%; thus, sika deer are assumed to be one important host. Furthermore, there have been many reports involving the serological surveillance of wild animals around the world [2,[9][10][11]. In this study, the positive rate for Lyme borreliosis found in Japanese serows is similar to the rates found worldwide.…”

supporting

confidence: 79%

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Serological Surveillance of Lyme Borreliosis in Wild Japanese Serows (Capricornis crispus).

Sugiyama

Minamoto

Kinjo

1998

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Through serological surveillance of wild animals by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay with protein G (PG-ELISA), we obtained epidemiological data on Lyme borreliosis in Japanese wild animals. In this study, we carried out serological surveillance for Lyme borreliosis in wild Japanese serows (Capricornis crispus). Forty-six of 200 (23%) serum samples were positive, indicating that Lyme borreliosis is prevalent in wild Japanese serows. This positive rate was relatively higher than that of other animals and was similar/ identical to that in other important hosts worldwide. Our results suggest that Japanese serows may be one of the important hosts of Lyme borreliosis in the central mountainous and forested areas of Japan. -KEY WORDS: Japanese serow, Lyme borreliosis, protein G ELISA.

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confidence: 79%

“…Lyme borreliosis is recognized as tick-borne zoonosis. B. burgdorferi has been isolated from ticks, humans, and animals, and its infection has been well recognized in humans, pets, domestic animals, and wild mammals [2,[9][10][11]. In Japan, seroepidemiological studies of Lyme borreliosis have been carried out among humans, pets, and domestic animals.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological Surveillance of Lyme Borreliosis in Wild Japanese Serows (Capricornis crispus).

Sugiyama

Minamoto

Kinjo

1998

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…56 While the prevalence of B. burgdorferi infection in mice captured near Baltimore, Maryland was similar to that reported for mice captured in the northeastern United States, the proportion of mice that were parasitized by nymphal I. scapularis ticks was generally lower than previously reported in studies conducted in New England. 23,57 Except for the first trapping session, in which only seven mice were sampled, parasitism of mice in our study by nymphal ticks did not exceed 20%. During the same months of the year, the level of parasitism with nymphal I. scapularis was generally higher than 20% for mice captured in New England.…”

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confidence: 69%

“…28 Previously reported field studies on the maintenance of B. burgdorferi in populations of reservoir animals generally have been cross-sectional in design. The current understanding of the epizootiology is based on reports on the distribution and host preferences of I. scapularis 23,30,31 and the occurrence of exposure of vertebrates to B. burgdorferi as determined by antibody reactivity 23,24 and by detection of the spirochete. 25,26,32 We used both longitudinal and cross-sectional study designs to investigate the epizootiology of infection with the spirochete in a population of white-footed mice at a Lyme disease-enzootic site in Maryland.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…22 The effects of B. burgdorferi infection on P. leucopus fitness and population dynamics remains unclear. Despite the development of a specific immune response, 23,24 field 25,26 and laboratory studies 22,27 have shown that white-footed mice develop chronic infection with B. burgdorferi. Histologic lesions of carditis and arthritis 28 and cystitis 29 have been described in experimentally infected, immature white-footed mice; however, histologic lesions were not observed in mature mice similarly infected with the spirochete.…”

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Longitudinal study of infection with Borrelia burgdorferi in a population of Peromyscus leucopus at a Lyme disease-enzootic site in Maryland.

Hofmeister¹,

Ellis²,

Glass³

et al. 1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. The maintenance of Borrelia burgdorferi in a population of Peromyscus leucopus was investigated from 202 mark and recapture mice and 61 mice that were removed from a site in Baltimore County, Maryland. Borrelia burgdorferi infection was detected by culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of ear tissue, and exposure to the spirochete was quantified by serology. Overall prevalence of B. burgdorferi, as determined by culture and PCR of ear tissue at first capture, was 25% in the longitudinal sample and 42% in the cross-sectional sample. Significantly more juvenile mice were captured in the longitudinal sample (18%) than in the cross-sectional sample (0%). Among 36 captured juvenile mice, only one was infected with B. burgdorferi; this contributed to a significant trend for infection with B. burgdorferi with age. Recovery from infection with B. burgdorferi was not detected among 77 mice followed for an average of 160 days. The incidence rate of infection with B. burgdorferi was 10 times greater in mice captured during two periods of high risk of exposure to nymphal Ixodes scapularis ticks compared with a period of low risk. Maintenance of B. burgdorferi in this population was dependent on indirect transmission of the organism from infected ticks to susceptible mice and development of chronic infection with the spirochete, which had no measurable effect on the survival of infected mice.Since Lyme disease was first described in 1977, 1 it has become the most commonly reported vector-borne disease in the United States. 2 The disease, which is caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, 3,4 is transmitted to humans by the bite of an Ixodid tick: Ixodes scapularis in the eastern and northcentral parts of the United States (I. dammini 5 as synonymized by Oliver and others 6 ) and I. pacificus 7,8 in the western United States. An enzootic cycle involving vertebrate hosts and ticks is critical for the maintenance of the spirochete in Lyme disease enzootic areas in the eastern and mid-central parts of the United States because the rate of transovarial transmission of the spirochete in I. scapularis is extremely low. 9 Transovarial transmission of B. burgdorferi in I. pacificus has been demonstrated; 10 however, on the west coast of the United States the relative importance of ticks and vertebrate animals in the maintenance of B. burgdorferi remains unclear.Although B. burgdorferi has been isolated from a wide variety of mammalian and avian hosts in the eastern and northcentral parts of the United States, 11,12 only white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus), 13,14 chipmunks (Tamias striatus) and meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus), 15 skunks (Mephitis mephitis) and raccoons (Procyon lotor), 16 and Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) 17 have been shown to be competent reservoir hosts of B. burgdorferi in enzootic cycles of the organism in those areas. White-footed mice, in comparison with meadow voles and chipmunks 15 and skunks and raccoons, 16 are generally recognized in these areas as the most important reserv...

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Lyme Disease

Osterholm

MacDonald

Hedberg

1991

Bacterial Infections of Humans

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Parasitism by Ixodes Dammini (Acari: Ixodidae) and Antibodies to Spirochetes in Mammals at Lyme Disease Foci in Connecticut, USA1

Cited by 69 publications

References 0 publications

Serological Surveillance of Lyme Borreliosis in Wild Japanese Serows (Capricornis crispus).

Serological Surveillance of Lyme Borreliosis in Wild Japanese Serows (Capricornis crispus).

Longitudinal study of infection with Borrelia burgdorferi in a population of Peromyscus leucopus at a Lyme disease-enzootic site in Maryland.

Lyme Disease

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