Parasitic rachipagus twins; report of two cases

Abstract

Here, we report two cases of rachipagus that one had a lower extremity on her back and the other had some tissues similar to genitalia and formed bony structures on his back.

Parasitic rachipagus conjoined twin: case report

“…22 Since then, additional case reports and reviews of the literature have increased that total to over 30 cases, which run the gamut of parasitic skeletal and soft-tissue structures and autosite pathology ( Table 1). [1][2][3][12][13][14][15]17,20,23 As with our patient, the majority of reported cases are female and do not present with neurological deficits on examination. 10,12 Although any structure can theoretically be found in the rachipagus parasite, limbs are by far the most frequent.…”

“…[1][2][3][12][13][14][15]17,20,23 As with our patient, the majority of reported cases are female and do not present with neurological deficits on examination. 10,12 Although any structure can theoretically be found in the rachipagus parasite, limbs are by far the most frequent. Cervical and thoracic parasites most commonly include segments of the upper limb and shoulder girdle, whereas those of the thoracolumbar and lumbar/ lumbosacral spine tend to include the lower limb and pelvic girdle.…”

Onfalopagus parasitic fusioned twin: A case report

“…The presence of conjoined twins is a very rare developmental event, with an approximate incidence varies from 0.05 to 1.47 cases per 100,000 births worldwide [3] . The largest published series assessing the incidence of heteropagus twins derives from a US database of 7.9 million births collected over an 8-year period in the 1970s [1] .…”

“…A differential diagnosis must be made with a fetus in a fetus, in which a non-viable or malformed fetus is engulfed by the fetus of its twin with normal development, generally settling in the abdomen or in the retroperitoneal region. It is believed that one case occurs in every 500,000 births [3] , and there are less than 100 cases cited in the literature worldwide [3] . There is no evidence that the parasitic twin can inhibit the autosite growth.…”

Radical removal of parasitic twin in 29-years-old patient

“…Так, у омфалопагов всегда наблюдаются кардиальные пороки, у рахипагов -спинальные. Во всех описанных наблюдениях у рахипагов (к 2015 г. описано менее 40 случаев) отмечаются незаращение задних дужек позвонков (спинальный дизрафизм), комплексные пороки развития позвоночного столба и спинного мозга [5,10]. Связано это с тем, что слияние близнеца-паразита и автозита происходит в области нервной трубки последнего.…”