Parasitic Protozoa and Interactions with the Host Intestinal Microbiota

Burgess, Stacey L.; Gilchrist, Carol A.; Lynn, Tucker C; Petri, William A.

doi:10.1128/iai.00101-17

Cited by 104 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 91 publications

(141 reference statements)

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“…Conversely, the gut microbiota may also affect resistance to environmental exposures to parasites and other pathogens by altering innate and adaptive immunity, and through effects on the gut mucosa (29). …”

Section: Key Aspects Of One Health Microbiome Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

One Health Relationships Between Human, Animal, and Environmental Microbiomes: A Mini-Review

Trinh

Zaneveld

Safranek

et al. 2018

Front. Public Health

133

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The One Health concept stresses the ecological relationships between human, animal, and environmental health. Much of the One Health literature to date has examined the transfer of pathogens from animals (e.g., emerging zoonoses) and the environment to humans. The recent rapid development of technology to perform high throughput DNA sequencing has expanded this view to include the study of entire microbial communities. Applying the One Health approach to the microbiome allows for consideration of both pathogenic and non-pathogenic microbial transfer between humans, animals, and the environment. We review recent research studies of such transmission, the molecular and statistical methods being used, and the implications of such microbiome relationships for human health. Our review identified evidence that the environmental microbiome as well as the microbiome of animals in close contact can affect both the human microbiome and human health outcomes. Such microbiome transfer can take place in the household as well as the workplace setting. Urbanization of built environments leads to changes in the environmental microbiome which could be a factor in human health. While affected by environmental exposures, the human microbiome also can modulate the response to environmental factors through effects on metabolic and immune function. Better understanding of these microbiome interactions between humans, animals, and the shared environment will require continued development of improved statistical and ecological modeling approaches. Such enhanced understanding could lead to innovative interventions to prevent and manage a variety of human health and disease states.

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Section: Key Aspects Of One Health Microbiome Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

One Health Relationships Between Human, Animal, and Environmental Microbiomes: A Mini-Review

Trinh

Zaneveld

Safranek

et al. 2018

Front. Public Health

133

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show abstract

“…Several works have shown how microbiota richness and community structure is influenced by protist and metazoan parasites. Human intestinal nematodes have been described to be associated with increased microbial richness and diversity 20 – 23 , whereas intestinal protist have shown a broader panorama, where interactions with the intestinal microbiota depend on the species studied 24 . One of the most studied models is Entamoeba histolytica, in which specific bacterial taxa are disease predictors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting microbiota profiles observed in children carrying either Blastocystis spp. or the commensal amoebas Entamoeba coli or Endolimax nana

Alzate

Toro-Londoño

Cabarcas

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Recent studies have shown how intestinal parasites can modulate gut microbiota. This observation is not surprising since the human intestinal lumen, like any other niche, is a battlefield of microbial competition, and Eukaryotes can affect bacterial populations. Intestinal pathogenic protist has been associated with reshaping the microbial community structure; however, the interactions between the colonic bacterial communities and parasites like Blastocystis spp., Entamoeba coli, and Endolimax nana have been poorly studied. In this work, we studied the distal intestinal bacterial microbiota of 49 children attending 7 public daycare centers in Medellin, Colombia, and compared the bacterial microbiota structure in the presence or absence of the protists Blastocystis spp., E. coli, and E. nana. Parasite colonization was associated with an increase in bacterial richness. Moreover, Blastocystis spp. presented a positive relationship with Prevotella, since this bacterium was selectively enriched in children carrying it. Remarkably, the E. coli colonized children showed a microbial profile that was closer to uninfected controls, although some bacterial taxa displayed to be enriched. This is the case for Akkermansia, which showed to be favored in E. coli colonized individuals, while notably reduced in the Blastocystis spp. parasitized group.

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“…Concordantly, the genome of Cryptosporidium hominis was shown to encode more than 80 genes with strong similarity to known transporters and several hundred genes with transporter-like properties (37). Cryptosporidia are also in close contact with the microbiome in the intestinal gut, thus expanding their capacity for nutrient acquisition (38).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin and cofactor acquisition in apicomplexans: Synthesis versus salvage

Krishnan¹,

Kloehn²,

Lunghi³

et al. 2019

J. Biol. Chem.

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The Apicomplexa phylum comprises diverse parasitic organisms that have evolved from a free-living ancestor. These obligate intracellular parasites exhibit versatile metabolic capabilities reflecting their capacity to survive and grow in different hosts and varying niches. Determined by nutrient availability, they either use their biosynthesis machineries or largely depend on their host for metabolite acquisition. Because vitamins cannot be synthesized by the mammalian host, the enzymes required for their synthesis in apicomplexan parasites represent a large repertoire of potential therapeutic targets. Here, we review recent advances in metabolic reconstruction and functional studies coupled to metabolomics that unravel the interplay between biosynthesis and salvage of vitamins and cofactors in apicomplexans. A particular emphasis is placed on Toxoplasma gondii, during both its acute and latent stages of infection.

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Parasitic Protozoa and Interactions with the Host Intestinal Microbiota

Cited by 104 publications

References 91 publications

One Health Relationships Between Human, Animal, and Environmental Microbiomes: A Mini-Review

One Health Relationships Between Human, Animal, and Environmental Microbiomes: A Mini-Review

Contrasting microbiota profiles observed in children carrying either Blastocystis spp. or the commensal amoebas Entamoeba coli or Endolimax nana

Vitamin and cofactor acquisition in apicomplexans: Synthesis versus salvage

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