Parasitic infections of anurans from a freshwater creek community in Delta State, Niger Delta of Nigeria

Aisien, M.S.O.; Ugbomeh, A.P.; Awharitoma, A. O.

doi:10.1515/helm-2017-0017

Cited by 8 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Moreover, this is also the season when the arthropod intermediate host of some parasites occur in their abundance to effect their trophic transmission to their definitive hosts. This pattern of infection has also been observed by other authors (Aisien et al, 2001(Aisien et al, , 2011(Aisien et al, , 2017.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Gassmann (1975) (Causey, 1939). The same observation was made by Aisien et al (2017), who reported two Folleyellides species in the anurans investigated at Ase, a location in the Niger Delta of Nigeria. The authors remarked that the high prevalence/intensity infection of these nematodes (47.7%/10.2 worms per infected host) bore direct relationship with the high population of mosquitoes observed the locality.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Camallanus species are commonly encountered in pipid anurans (Southwell and Kirshner, 1937;Yeh, 1960;Thurston, 1970;Avery, 1971;Tinsley et al, 1979;Tinsley, 1995, 1998) and H. occipitalis (Durette-Desset and Batcharov, 1974;Aisien et al, 2001, 2004, 2011, Igetei, 2013Ovwah, 2016) but its occurrence in hosts like H. concolor is uncommon. Aisien et al (2017) recorded an immature female specimen in this tree frog collected from Egbeda in Rivers State. The authors concluded that this parasite may be a new addition to the parasites that use anurans as paratenic hosts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parasitic helminth fauna of tree frogs from cocoa plantations at Ugboke, Edo State, Nigeria

Edo-Taiwo¹,

Aisien²

2021

NJLS

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Cocoa pods are vulnerable to pest and diseases which often cause huge financial losses to farmers. To address this challenge and improve yield, cocoa farmers often resort to pesticide application on the cocoa trees. This leads to deposition of pesticides residues on the cocoa trees, the undergrowth and plantations floor with devastating consequences for amphibians including tree frogs. Previous studies have reported the immune suppressive nature of pesticides on anurans thereby rendering them more susceptible to infection. This study is part of an on-going investigation of the effect of pesticide application on the pattern of helminth parasitic infections of anurans in pesticide-treated cocoa plantations at Ugboke, Edo State. A total of 354 tree frogs belonging to three genera (Leptopelis, Hyperolius and Afrixalus), consisting of 14 species were examined. A high species richness (d=1.971) and diversity (H’=2.215) was recorded. Ten species (71.43%) of these frogs were infected while four (28.57%) were uninfected. The overall prevalence of parasitic infections was 30.23%. Thirteen helminth parasites including three cestodes, two digeneans and eight nematode species were recovered. A significantly higher (P<0.05) prevalence of infection was recorded during the wet season (31.64%) than in the dry (10.53%). There was high parasite diversity with low prevalence and infection intensity of infection as previously reported for other anurans collected from the same cocoa plantations

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parasitic helminth fauna of tree frogs from cocoa plantations at Ugboke, Edo State, Nigeria

Edo-Taiwo¹,

Aisien²

2021

NJLS

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“…This low infestation rate of Trematodes of the genus Mesocoelium in the sampling, could be explained by the absence of its host-type in the study area. Indeed, previous studies have shown that the highest prevalence of Trematodes of genus Mesocoelium had been recorded in areas dominated by the species of Amnirana galamensis (Aisien et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Trematodes of the Genus Mesocoelium, Parasites of Anurans in the Ganzourgou Province, Burkina Faso

Soubeiga

Boungou

Sinaré

et al. 2020

ESJ

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The Trematodes of the genus Mesocoelium parasites of Anurans from Mogtedo, Zam, and Zorgho, in the area of Ganzourgou in Burkina Faso have been investigated between August, 2018 and January 2019. A total of 233 Anurans belonging to 5 families, 5 genera, and 9 species were examined. The species of Anurans examined were: Hoplobatrachus occipitalis, Amnirana galamensis, Ptychadena bibroni, Ptychadena pumilio, Sclerophrys pentoni, Sclerophrys maculata, Sclerophrys regularis, Sclerophrys xeros, and Xenopus fischbergi. The Anurans were collected by hand using the Visual Acoustic Encounter Survey (VAES) method. Amphibians were euthanized and dissected to examine the digestive tract and their appendices for Trematodes of the genus Mesocoelium. A total of 9 species of the genus Mesocoelium were recovered, with an overall prevalence of 11.16%. The Trematodes that have been recovered were: Mesocoelium monas, Mesocoelium brieni, Mesocoelium sociale, Mesocoelium microon, Mesocoelium incognitum, Mesocoelium danforthi, Mesocoelium americanum, Mesocoelium monody, and Mesocoelium megaloon. The means intensity of infestation was generally low except for Mesocoelium incognitum (100.5 parasites / infested host). That infestation was influenced by the selectivity of the host by the Trematodes. It appears that in the 9 species of Anurans examined, only 3 species were infested by parasitic Trematodes (Hoplobatrachus occipitalis, Sclerophrys maculata and Sclerophrys regularis). The preferred organ of the genus Mesocoelium infestations in the host was the small intestine. Histopathologic studies in infested organs will be carried out to show the impacts of the Trematodes of the genus Mesocoelium in their hosts.

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“…While most of the parasites recovered were adults, some larval stages that use anurans either as intermediate or paratenic hosts were also encountered. Polystoma galamensis, a monogenean commonly associated with host species Amnirana galamensis from the savannah biotope [24,25], was recorded in this location, albeit with low prevalence and infection intensity [50]. Although Amnirana galamensis was considered an accidental host for the larval brachylaimid recovered in this frog, this infection led to the unraveling of the intermediate and definitive hosts of this trematode in the creek environment (M.S.O.…”

Section: Freshwater Creeksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Scenarios and Parasite Diversity in Anurans of West Africa: A Review

2021

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This paper is a survey of the parasite diversity, prevalence and infection intensity in anurans in diverse ecological settings in West Africa. The settings included natural habitats (rainforests, freshwater creeks, Guinea and Sudan savannas), monoculture plantations (cocoa, cotton and oil palm), urbanized and urbanizing rainforest biotopes and polluted environments due to oil industry activities. The natural habitats had higher amphibian species diversity, moderate parasite prevalence and low infection intensity, showing a balance in the host/parasite relationship. These habitats yielded most of the monogeneans, among which were new species. The freshwater creek biotope had low amphibian diversity, but hosts from this environment harbored several parasite taxa, a situation attributed to a prolonged wet season, high environmental humidity and persistent breeding pools for insect vectors in this area. The monoculture plantations were characterized by high parasite prevalence but lower infection intensity. For example, in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve in Bénin Republic, the Agricultural Zone (AZ) had higher parasite prevalence values, while the National Park (NP) and Buffer Zone (BZ) had higher infection intensities. Higher prevalence was attributed to the single or combined effects of vector population explosion, immune-suppression by agrochemicals, nutrient enrichment and eutrophication from fertilizer use. The lower infection intensity was attributed to the inhibitory effect of the pesticide-contaminated environment on the free-living larval stages of parasites. The adverse effect of pesticide contamination was also evident in the lower infection intensity recorded in the anurans from the cocoa plantations at Ugboke in comparison to those from the pesticide-free village settlement. Urbanization reduced host diversity and numbers and increased the vector population, resulting in unusually high parasite prevalence and infection intensities at Diobu and Port Harcourt and high prevalence recorded for Ophidascaris larvae in the anurans of Evbuabogun. Oil pollution in the mangrove community reduced both host and parasite diversity; infection intensity was also low due to the adverse conditions confronting free-living stages of parasites in their development milieu. The high prevalence values obtained for monogeneans (Polystoma spp.) in Ptychadena spp. from Ogoniland was presumed to have resulted from host tadpole sequestration and exposure to high oncomiracidia burden in the few hospitable ponds. Also reviewed is the phenomenon of amphibian paratenism, a strategy on which many helminth parasites rely on for their trophic transmission to their definitive hosts.

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Parasitic infections of anurans from a freshwater creek community in Delta State, Niger Delta of Nigeria

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Parasitic helminth fauna of tree frogs from cocoa plantations at Ugboke, Edo State, Nigeria

Parasitic helminth fauna of tree frogs from cocoa plantations at Ugboke, Edo State, Nigeria

Trematodes of the Genus Mesocoelium, Parasites of Anurans in the Ganzourgou Province, Burkina Faso

Ecological Scenarios and Parasite Diversity in Anurans of West Africa: A Review

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