Parasitic infection of the hyperiid amphipod Themisto libellula in the Canadian Beaufort Sea (Arctic Ocean), with a description of Ganymedes themistos sp. n. (Apicomplexa, Eugregarinorida)

Prokopowicz, A.; Rueckert, Sonja; Leander, Brian S.; Jl, Michaud; Fortier, Louis

doi:10.1007/s00300-010-0821-0

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Interestingly, severely ciliate-infected copepods of the genus Calanus were occasionally found in late winter during sorting tasks of live organisms for experiments (G. Darnis, unpublished data). Moreover, Prokopowicz et al (2010) documented higher infection of the amphipod Themisto libellula by an unidentified ciliate parasite in the Amundsen Gulf and Mackenzie shelf than on the continental slope of the southeastern Beaufort sea. The higher proportion of ciliate-infected amphipods in longterm sediment traps than in net collections suggested that these animals survived poorly and sank quickly toward the sea floor.…”

Section: The Winter Microbial Food Webmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…These new approaches have revealed a surprising diversity including new taxa of bacterioplankton and archaeans (Galand et al 2009a;e.g. Kirchman et al 2009), eukaryotic microbes (Lovejoy and Potvin 2011;Lovejoy et al 2007), and gregarine parasites of amphipods (Prokopowicz et al 2010). The precise role of these recently discovered assemblages in the pelagic marine food webs and in the cycling of organic matter remains obscure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current state and trends in Canadian Arctic marine ecosystems: II. Heterotrophic food web, pelagic-benthic coupling, and biodiversity

et al. 2012

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As part of the Canadian contribution to the International Polar Year (IPY), several major international research programs have focused on offshore arctic marine ecosystems. The general goal of these projects was to improve our understanding of how the response of arctic marine ecosystems to climate warming will alter food web structure and ecosystem services provided to Northerners. At least four key findings from these projects relating to arctic heterotrophic food web, pelagic-benthic coupling and biodiversity have emerged: (1) Contrary to a long-standing paradigm of dormant ecosystems during the long arctic winter, major food web components showed relatively high level of winter activity, well before the spring release of ice algae and subsequent phytoplankton bloom. Such phenological plasticity among key secondary producers like zooplankton may thus narrow the risks of Climatic Change

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Section: The Winter Microbial Food Webmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current state and trends in Canadian Arctic marine ecosystems: II. Heterotrophic food web, pelagic-benthic coupling, and biodiversity

et al. 2012

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“…m 22 in Feb), and other less abundant but large metazoans (e.g., the amphipod Themisto libellula [32 ind. m 22 in Feb], which may be killed by parasitic infection in the water column before entering sediment traps [Prokopowicz et al 2010]), were not included in the estimation of the PSC flux. Therefore, our results suggest that events of relatively high total export POC flux could occur during the dark Arctic winter despite the lack of primary production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A substantial export flux of particulate organic carbon linked to sinking dead copepods during winter 2007–2008 in the Amundsen Gulf (southeastern Beaufort Sea, Arctic Ocean)

Sampei

Sasaki

Forest

et al. 2011

Limnology & Oceanography

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In the Arctic Ocean, vertical fluxes of particulate organic carbon (POC) remain low during the dark winter period because POC fluxes are derived from photosynthetic production. Passively sinking dead copepods are traditionally excluded from POC fluxes estimated using sediment traps, resulting in the underestimation of the total POC flux. Here, we present the seasonal variability of total POC export flux measured by a sediment trap moored at , 100 m in the Amundsen Gulf (southeastern Beaufort Sea) over October 2007-July 2008. Surprisingly, the integrated total POC flux for February (466 mg m 22 ) was the second highest flux during the study period (the highest was in Jul; 1015 mg C m 22 ) due to a contribution of 91% from sinking dead copepods. The total POC flux in February 2008 in the Amundsen Gulf was up to two orders of magnitude higher than the previously reported traditional POC winter fluxes that did not include the contribution of sinking dead copepods. Hence, the POC flux in February only could be equivalent to , 18% of the quasi-annual traditional POC flux. Our observations suggest that a substantial POC export flux occurred during winter 2007-2008 due to zooplankton life cycle.

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“…No copies of OTU A were detected in foreguts of krill fed and maintained in captivity for 10 d prior to preservation, suggesting that OTU A was not symbiotic. The parasites previously found in amphipods which show some limited sequence similarity to OTU A have abundances correlated with host maturity stage (Taka hashi et al 2004, Prokopowicz et al 2010), suggesting such parasites are accumulated over time. Parasites accumulated over a crustacean's life time would be highly unlikely to have been completely eliminated in a short laboratory incubation.…”

Section: Otu A: Sediment Prey or Crustacean Symbiont?mentioning

confidence: 95%

Krill feeding on sediment in the Gulf of Maine (North Atlantic)

Cleary¹,

Durbin²,

Rynearson³

2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Krill are key members of many marine ecosystems, serving as a critical trophic link between microscopic organisms and large predators such as whales, fish, and seabirds. Krill feeding is thus important to ecosystem carbon cycling. Traditional approaches to determining in-situ krill feeding require a priori assumptions, and may have prey-type detection biases. We took a DNA-based approach to measuring in-situ feeding by northern krill Meganyctiphanes norvegica. The diversity of prey consumed by M. norvegica in situ was analyzed for 80 krill at 8 stations throughout the Gulf of Maine (North Atlantic) using peptide nucleic acid mediated polymerase chain reaction (PNA-PCR) clone library sequencing of 18S rDNA. Relative abundance of the 2 most common prey types was measured with quantitative PCR (qPCR) in the guts of 16 krill. The 245 prey sequences recovered from krill gut contents included copepods, salps, phytoplankton, and a poorly known organism found to be sediment associated. Calanus finmarchicus and the sediment-associated organism were found most commonly, at 7 and 8 stations, respectively, and their 18S rDNA was present in nearly equal quantities in individual krill guts. M. norvegica, like most krill, are typically considered planktivorous; thus krill feeding on sediment organisms represents an unrecognized pathway for carbon flow from the sediment to the pelagic. Calculations suggest that this unrecognized pathway could potentially bring over 100 000 t of carbon annually back into the Gulf of Maine pelagic ecosystem, equivalent to 4% of annual primary production, or the energy demands of 80% of the region's fin whale population.

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Parasitic infection of the hyperiid amphipod Themisto libellula in the Canadian Beaufort Sea (Arctic Ocean), with a description of Ganymedes themistos sp. n. (Apicomplexa, Eugregarinorida)

Cited by 20 publications

References 28 publications

Current state and trends in Canadian Arctic marine ecosystems: II. Heterotrophic food web, pelagic-benthic coupling, and biodiversity

Current state and trends in Canadian Arctic marine ecosystems: II. Heterotrophic food web, pelagic-benthic coupling, and biodiversity

A substantial export flux of particulate organic carbon linked to sinking dead copepods during winter 2007–2008 in the Amundsen Gulf (southeastern Beaufort Sea, Arctic Ocean)

Krill feeding on sediment in the Gulf of Maine (North Atlantic)

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