Parasitic infection in malnourished school children: effects on behaviour and EEG

Levav, Miriam; Mirsky, Allan F.; Schantz, Peter; Castro, Stefanía García; Cruz, ME

doi:10.1017/s0031182000081105

Cited by 51 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Numbers within or above boxes show the proportions (percentages) of subjects with a detectable response for each group. surveys in similar rural communities in Ecuador would indicate a prevalence rate of less than 10% (17) and, since the efficacy of single doses of 400 mg of albendazole is low (e.g., 24%) (9), the potential contribution to the postvaccination response of partial treatment is likely to be small.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Infection withAscaris lumbricoidesIs Associated with Suppression of the Interleukin-2 Response to Recombinant Cholera Toxin B Subunit following Vaccination with the Live Oral Cholera Vaccine CVD 103-HgR

et al. 2001

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To investigate the potential immunomodulatory effects of concurrent ascariasis on the cytokine response to a live oral vaccine, we measured cytokine responses to cholera toxin B subunit (CT-B) following vaccination with the live oral cholera vaccine CVD 103-HgR in Ascaris lumbricoides-infected subjects randomized in a double-blind study to receive two doses of either albendazole or placebo prior to vaccination and in a group of healthy U.S. controls. Postvaccination cytokine responses to CT-B were characterized by transient increases in the production of interleukin-2 (IL-2; P ‫؍‬ 0.02) and gamma interferon (IFN-␥; P ‫؍‬ 0.001) in the three study groups combined; however, postvaccination increases in IFN-␥ were significant only in the albendazole-treated A. lumbricoides infection group (P ‫؍‬ 0.008). Postvaccination levels of IL-2 were significantly greater in the albendazole-treated group compared with the placebo group (P ‫؍‬ 0.03). No changes in levels of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in response to control ascaris antigens were observed over the same period. These findings indicate that vaccination with CVD 103-HgR is associated with a Th1 cytokine response (IL-2 and IFN-␥) to CT-B, that infection with A. lumbricoides diminishes the magnitude of this response, and that albendazole treatment prior to vaccination was able to partially reverse the deficit in IL-2. The potential modulation of the immune response to oral vaccines by geohelminth parasites has important implications for the design of vaccination campaigns in geohelminth-endemic areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Infection withAscaris lumbricoidesIs Associated with Suppression of the Interleukin-2 Response to Recombinant Cholera Toxin B Subunit following Vaccination with the Live Oral Cholera Vaccine CVD 103-HgR

et al. 2001

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“…A. lumbricoides, afecta principalmente los niveles de habilidad verbal; así como el desempeño en la producción de respuestas ante un estimulo (prueba de Stroop), mientras que T. trichiura se ha asociado con la disminución de la capacidad de la atención y de la memoria a corto y largo plazo (13)(14)(15). Las mencionadas funciones cognitivas son indicadores fundamentales en la evaluación del desarrollo de lactantes, preescolares y escolares, población que en este estudio presentó predominantemente grados moderado e intenso de infección.…”

Section: Agudelo -Parasitosis Intestinalesunclassified

Prevalencia de Parasitosis Intestinales y Factores Asociados en un Corregimiento de la Costa Atlántica Colombiana

Agudelo-López¹,

Gómez-Rodríguez²,

Coronado³

et al. 2008

Rev. salud pública

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RESUMENObjetivos Determinar la prevalencia del parasitismo intestinal e identificar los factores de riesgo asociados a estos, en el corregimiento de Loma Arena, Departamento de Bolívar, Colombia Metodología Mediante encuesta aplicada a cada grupo familiar, fueron evaluadas las condiciones socio-sanitarias y educativas de la población. Para el estudio coproparasitológico se recolectó por cada persona, dos muestras de heces obtenidas por evacuación espontánea y en dos días diferentes. El análisis de las heces se realizó mediante un examen directo en solución salina fisiológica y coloración temporal con lugol y por el método de concentración formol-éter Resultados Se encontró que el 92 % de las personas estaban parasitadas, 92 % de ellas con al menos un patógeno. El poliparasitismo fue muy importante (89,2 %) encontrándose hasta un máximo de 7 especies por hospedador. La coinfección de protozoarios y helmintos fue frecuente (64 %). Solo se encontró una frecuencia de teniosis de 0,9 %. Se observó una asociación significativa entre sintomatología y presencia de parásitos (p<0,05) no así, entre síntomas y parásitos potencialmente patógenos a excepción de Trichuris trichura y dolor abdominal. El análisis estadístico no mostró asociación entre las parasitosis y los niveles educativos o hábitos higiéni-cos sanitarios. Conclusión La distribución uniforme de la mayoría de las parasitosis intestinales en los cinco grupos de edad evaluados, da cuenta de la exposición a las fuentes de infección en todas las etapas de la vida de los pobladores de Loma Arena.

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“…38,39 The mechanisms include a toxicity effect, leading to biochemical changes in the central nervous system; excitation of the immune system, leading to changes in behaviors related to appetite and reaction time; and physiological effects, such as discomfort and disturbed sleep, leading to reductions in activity levels or causing behavioral change. [40][41][42][43][44] Processes similar to these could be envisaged after malaria infection, although the current evidence is inconclusive (see section below on school-age children).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Plasmodium falciparum malaria on performance and learning: review of the evidence

Holding¹,

Snow²

2001

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

164

128

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Abstract. Despite the growing recognition that Plasmodium falciparum malaria constitutes a major threat to child survival, the indirect consequences of disease and infection on general human development have been less well described. This review suggests that malaria in childhood is likely to have effects on general cognitive and behavioral development, which range from subtle to profound. Nevertheless, our understanding of the numbers of affected children, and the persistence of and recovery from impairment remains ill defined. Only through large long-term studies will we be able to establish the wider consequences of malaria on communities in areas of the world where malaria is endemic.

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Parasitic infection in malnourished school children: effects on behaviour and EEG

Cited by 51 publications

References 19 publications

Human Infection withAscaris lumbricoidesIs Associated with Suppression of the Interleukin-2 Response to Recombinant Cholera Toxin B Subunit following Vaccination with the Live Oral Cholera Vaccine CVD 103-HgR

Human Infection withAscaris lumbricoidesIs Associated with Suppression of the Interleukin-2 Response to Recombinant Cholera Toxin B Subunit following Vaccination with the Live Oral Cholera Vaccine CVD 103-HgR

Prevalencia de Parasitosis Intestinales y Factores Asociados en un Corregimiento de la Costa Atlántica Colombiana

Impact of Plasmodium falciparum malaria on performance and learning: review of the evidence

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