Parasitic Green Algae

Plant paleopathology and the roles of pathogens and insects

“…The role of insect transmission of pathogens is emphasized, particularly as the presence of necroses and other disease-related symptoms are frequently associated with insect damage in the modern world and fossil record. Nevertheless, members of other groups, parasitic green algae (Joubert and Rijkenberg, 1971), flagellate protozoans that include trypanosomes (Dollet, 1984), and parasitic angiosperms such as dodder and mistletoes (Dobbertin and Rigling, 2006) also cause disease symptoms in plants. However, because these groups are rare (e.g., Collinson et al, 1993), they are seldom encountered.…”

Phylogeny and Molecular Evolution of the Green Algae

“…Several lineages have engaged in symbiosis with a diverse range of eukaryotes, including fungi to form lichens, ciliates, foraminifers, cnidarians, molluscs (nudibranchs and giant clams) and vertebrates (Friedl & Bhattacharya, 2002;Lewis & Muller-Parker, 2004;Kovacevic et al, 2010;Kerney et al, 2011). Others have evolved an obligate heterotrophic life style as parasites or free-living species (Joubert & Rijkenberg, 1971;Rumpf et al, 1996;Huss et al, 1999;Nedelcu, 2001). The heterotrophic green alga Prototheca, which grows in sewage and soil, can cause infections in humans and animals known as protothecosis (Sudman, 1974).…”

Morphology, fine structure, life cycle and phylogenetic analysis ofPhyllosiphon arisari, a siphonous parasitic green alga

“…The production of ellipsoidal aplanospores was reported by Bourrelly (1981). The absence of chlorophyll in the coenocytic filaments but the presence of chloroplasts in aplanospores has been noted by several authors (Mangenot, 1948;Joubert & Rijkenberg, 1971;Round, 1985).…”