Parasitic Amebas of the Intestinal Tract

Martı́nez-Palomo, Adolfo

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-426013-9.50008-8

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 190 publications

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“…The average diameters of chilled trophozoites of E. nuttalli NASA6 and P19-061405 strains adapted to axenic culture conditions were significantly smaller than that of E. histolytica HM-1 :IMSS. E. histolytica trophozoites obtained from intestinal or liver lesions are generally larger than those found in cultures (Martínez-Palomo, 1993), but the E. nuttalli trophozoites observed in liver in this study seemed to be as small as those in culture. It is unclear whether the size difference influences the overall characteristics of E. nuttalli, but this difference has also been found in a comparison of E. histolytica and E. histolyticalike Laredo (E. moshkovskii) trophozoites (Diamond, 1968 ;López-Revilla and Gómez-Domínguez, 1988).…”

Section: Ly Ly Ly Lycontrasting

confidence: 66%

Isolation and characterization of a potentially virulent speciesEntamoeba nuttallifrom captive Japanese macaques

et al. 2009

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We have recently proposed revival of the name Entamoeba nuttalli Castellani, 1908 for a virulent amoeba (P19-061405 strain) isolated from a rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) and located phylogenetically between E. histolytica and E. dispar. In this study, E. nuttalli was isolated from feces of captive Japanese macaques (M. fuscata) in an open-air corral in Japan. The sequence of the 18S rRNA gene in the isolates differed from the P19-061405 strain in 2 nucleotide positions, but was identical to the EHMfas1 strain isolated previously from a cynomolgus monkey (M. fascicularis). One of the E. nuttalli isolates from Japanese macaques, named the NASA6 strain, was axenized and cloned. In isoenzyme analysis, the mobilities of hexokinase and phosphate glucose isomerase in the NASA6 strain were identical to those in the P19-061405 and EHMfas1 strains, but the mobility of phosphoglucomutase was different. These results were supported by gene analyses of these enzymes. Inoculation of NASA6 strain trophozoites into the liver of hamsters led to formation of an amoebic liver abscess. The liver lesions were characterized by extensive necrosis associated with inflammatory reactions. These results demonstrate that the NASA6 strain is potentially virulent and that E. nuttalli should be recognized as a common parasite in macaques.

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Section: Ly Ly Ly Lycontrasting

confidence: 66%

Isolation and characterization of a potentially virulent speciesEntamoeba nuttallifrom captive Japanese macaques

et al. 2009

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“…The motile form of the parasite, the trophozoite, usually lives as a harmless commensal in the lumen of the large intestine where it multiplies and differentiates into a cyst, the resistance form, responsible for transmission of the infection. Occasionally, trophozoites would invade the intestinal mucosa and produce dysentery or amoeba and spread to other organs [ 3 ]. The existence of two different species of Entamoeba , initially proposed by Brumpt in 1925, was approved at the XIII Seminar on Amebiasis, held in Mexico City [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erythrophagocytosis inEntamoeba histolyticaandEntamoeba dispar: A Comparative Study

Talamás‐Lara

Chávez‐Munguía

González‐Robles

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of human intestinal and liver amebiasis. The extraordinary phagocytic activity of E. histolytica trophozoites has been accepted as one of the virulence mechanisms responsible for their invasive capacity. The recognition of the noninvasive Entamoeba dispar as a different species has raised the question as to whether the lack of pathogenic potential of this ameba correlates with a limited phagocytic capacity. We have therefore compared the process of erythrophagocytosis in both species by means of light and video microscopy, hemoglobin measurement, and the estimation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the present study, we confirmed that E. dispar has lower erythrophagocytic capacity. We also observed by video microscopy a new event of erythrocyte opsonization-like in both species, being more characteristic in E. histolytica. Moreover, E. dispar showed a lower capacity to produce ROS compared with the invasive species and also showed a large population of amoebae that did not engulf any erythrocyte over time. Our results demonstrate that E. histolytica has a higher phagocytic capacity than E. dispar, including a higher rate of production of ROS in the course of ingesting red blood cells.

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“…12 However, in Japan, carriage of E histolytica is more common. 38 Similarly, in Australia infection with E moshkovskii is more common than with E histolytica or E dispar. 23 Case studies of patients with amebic colitis in Natal, South Africa, showed that there was a peak incidence of infection among children less than 14 years of age and a second increase in infection in adults greater than 40 years old.…”

Section: Intestinal Amebaementioning

confidence: 98%

Intestinal Amebae

Ali¹

2015

Clinics in Laboratory Medicine

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Among the Entamoeba species that infect humans, Entamoeba histolytica causes diseases, Entamoeba dispar is a harmless commensal, Entamoeba moshkovskii seems to be a pathogen, and the pathogenicity of Entamoeba bangladeshi remains to be investigated. Species-specific detection needed for treatment decisions and for understanding the epidemiology and pathogenicity of these amebae. Antigen-based detection methods are needed for E dispar, E moshkovskii, and E bangladeshi; and molecular diagnostic test capable of detecting E histolytica, E dispar, E moshkovskii, and E bangladeshi simultaneously in clinical samples. Next-generation sequencing of DNA from stool is needed to identify novel species of Entamoeba.

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Parasitic Amebas of the Intestinal Tract

Cited by 13 publications

References 190 publications

Isolation and characterization of a potentially virulent speciesEntamoeba nuttallifrom captive Japanese macaques

Isolation and characterization of a potentially virulent speciesEntamoeba nuttallifrom captive Japanese macaques

Erythrophagocytosis inEntamoeba histolyticaandEntamoeba dispar: A Comparative Study

Intestinal Amebae

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