Parasites ofColeophora laricella larvae in newfoundland [Lep.: Coleophoridae]

Raske, A. G.; Schooley, H. O.

doi:10.1007/bf02377510

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Two species, A. pumila and C. laricinellae, established well enough outside the boreal forest to serve as a source for releases in Newfoundland in 1947 (McGugan andCoppel 1962). These introductions were successful and Raske and Schooley (1979) later showed that the casebearer was attacked in Newfoundland by both species and at least 13 other native parasitoids. McGugan and Coppel (1962) reported that C. laricinellae was more widely distributed than A. pumila in Newfoundland in 1958, but by 1974 this pattern had switched with A. pumila becoming more dominant (Raske and Schooley 1979).…”

Section: Larch Casebearer Coleophora Laricella (Lepidoptera: Coleophmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…These introductions were successful and Raske and Schooley (1979) later showed that the casebearer was attacked in Newfoundland by both species and at least 13 other native parasitoids. McGugan and Coppel (1962) reported that C. laricinellae was more widely distributed than A. pumila in Newfoundland in 1958, but by 1974 this pattern had switched with A. pumila becoming more dominant (Raske and Schooley 1979). Control in this system may be due in part to a mutualistic relationship between the two introduced parasitoids (Webb and Quednau 1971).…”

Section: Larch Casebearer Coleophora Laricella (Lepidoptera: Coleophmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Feeding by larvae of this insect can cause serious defoliation of stands of larch (Larix). In Newfoundland, it is common across the island (Raske and Schooley 1979), and high populations in 1974 caused significant defoliation (up to 90%) of young trees in half of the stands surveyed, but generally only in small patches (ϳ1 ha) (Clarke et al 1975). At other times, only trace levels of defoliation were typically reported from Newfoundland, even during peak years of collections (e.g., Moran et al 1966).…”

Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Control in this system may be due in part to a mutualistic relationship between the two introduced parasitoids (Webb and Quednau 1971). Control of the larch casebearer appears to have been established and maintained in the boreal forest in Newfoundland with only a few subsequent minor outbreaks (e.g., Raske and Schooley 1979). There have been no reports of outbreaks in the mainland boreal forest, but the parasitoids were found in the southern boreal forest in 1949 (C. laricinellae) and 1957 (A. pumila) (McGugan and Coppel 1962), suggesting that they were present in parts of the boreal forest and had the potential to control the larch casebearer.…”

Section: Larch Casebearer Coleophora Laricella (Lepidoptera: Coleophmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-native species in Canada’s boreal zone: diversity, impacts, and risk

et al. 2014

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More than 1180 non-native species, mostly of Palaearctic origin, have been recorded from the boreal zone of Canada, with the highest diversity on the island of Newfoundland and in the southern boreal zone of Ontario and Quebec. The non-native biota of the boreal zone (and of Canada in general) is poorly known in terms of species composition and distribution. A large proportion of species are associated with disturbed anthropogenic habitats such as urban areas, agricultural landscapes, transportation and communication corridors, and industrial developments. Natural habitats in the boreal zone have a high degree of resistance to invasion compared with those of other Canadian zones, likely owing to harsh climates, low light levels, poor soil nutrient availability, low soil pH, low productivity, and dense covering of the ground by plants, especially bryophytes. Of the relatively few non-native species that have successfully colonized the boreal zone, many decline greatly in abundance after a few years, suggesting biotic resilience. To date the boreal zone has shown the least resistance and resilience to large vertebrates (moose and white-tailed deer) translocated to islands, diseases of vertebrates, and earthworms. In general, the ecological impacts of non-native species on the boreal zone have been poorly studied, and there are few examples where such impacts are evident. Likewise, there has been little attempt to quantify the economic impacts of non-native species in either the boreal zone or in Canada as a whole. In the few cases where management measures have been implemented for highly destructive non-native species, results have been somewhat successful, especially where classical biological control measures have been implemented against insects on trees. Chemical and mechanical management measures have had only limited success in localized situations. Management resources are most effectively applied to reducing the risk of introduction. The risk to the boreal zone posed by future new non-native species is increasing with the warming climate and the fast and direct transport of goods into the boreal zone from points of origin. Five recommendations are provided to address recognized gaps concerning non-native species.Résumé : On a enregistré plus de 1180 espèces non indigènes, surtout d'origine paléarctique, dans la zone de la forêt boréale du Canada, dont la plus grande diversité se retrouve sur l'île de Terre-Neuve et dans la zone boréale méridionale de l'Ontario et du Québec. Le biote non indigène de la zone boréale (et du Canada en général) est mal connu en ce qui concerne sa composition et sa distribution. Une forte proportion des espèces est associée à des habitats perturbés par l'homme comme les milieux urbains, les paysages agricoles, les corridors de communication et de transport ainsi que les développements industriels. Les habitats naturels de la zone boréale montrent un fort degré de résistance à l'invasion, comparativement à ceux d'autres zones du Canada, vraisemblablement à cause des climats rigou...

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Section: Larch Casebearer Coleophora Laricella (Lepidoptera: Coleophmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Larch Casebearer Coleophora Laricella (Lepidoptera: Coleophmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Larch Casebearer Coleophora Laricella (Lepidoptera: Coleophmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Non-native species in Canada’s boreal zone: diversity, impacts, and risk

et al. 2014

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“…The decrease has been attributed in part to mortality of A. pumila, which prolongs the casebearer's larval stage, thereby exposing it to subsequent parasitism by other species that are intrinsically superior (Smith 1929) and to secondary parasitism of A. pumila (Graham 1949;Quednau 1970;Raske and Schooley 1979; Ismail and Long 1982). ), commonly has been found to decrease between successive samples in the spring.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

ADULT SURVIVORSHIP, FECUNDITY, AND FACTORS AFFECTING LABORATORY OVIPOSITION OF PISSODES NEMORENSIS (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE)

Fontaine

Foltz

1985

Can Entomol

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Parasitization of larch casebearer, Coleophora laricella (Hiibner), by the internal larval parasite, Agathis pumila (Ratz.), commonly has been found to decrease between successive samples in the spring. The decrease has been attributed in part to mortality of A. pumila, which prolongs the casebearer's larval stage, thereby exposing it to subsequent parasitism by other species that are intrinsically superior (Smith 1929) and to secondary parasitism of A. pumila (Graham 1949;Quednau 1970;Raske and Schooley 1979; Ismail and Long 1982). Another reason may exist for this decrease in parasitization by A. pumila: A higher percentage of parasitized than unparasitized larvae may descend from the larch foliage to the understory vegetation, which is not in the normally sampled universe (Webb 1953;Moody 1977; Denton 1979; Long and Theroux 1979;Ryan 1983). Eidmann (1965) reports that casebearers are often found on the undergrowth when high populations strip the trees, but prior to this no one had reported any connection with parasitism. This movement may result in a decreased percentage of parasitized larvae remaining on the larch foliage. Evidence presented here substantiates this hypothesis for one location, but for a more general conclusion other areas should also be examined.Through dissections of overwintering larvae, parasitization of the 1983-1984 casebearer generation on larch foliage was determined to be approximately 50% at the Tollgate plot in northeastern Oregon in December and April (Table 1). Rearing and subsequent examination of cases collected 6 June showed that parasitization by A. pumila had dropped to only 32.6%. On that date some were seen on the undergrowth but were not sampled. One week later a sample of cases from the undergrowth showed parasitization by A. pumila to be 96.3%, significantly higher than previously found on the larch foliage (x2 = 480.7, p < 0.001). Because the attack period of A. pumila had been completed in the previous summer when the larvae were solely on the larch, the higher parasitization on the undergrowth could not have been due to different attack rates in the different strata. Rather, the behavior of larvae parasitized by A. pumila differed from behavior of nonparasitized lama. Parasitization by A. pumila subsequently decreased, both on larch foliage and on the undergrowth, mainly because of secondary parasitism of A. pumila larvae and pupae by Mesopolobus sp., Habrocytus sp., Tetrastichus sp., and Gelis sp. and an increase in the incidence of premature parasite mortality. Chrysocharis laricinellae (Ratz.) was present and parasitized 7.2-9.7% of the casebearers in the final samples but was not observed to parasitize A. pumila directly. Ismail and Long (1982) report that pupation sites of parasitized and unparasitized casebearers on larch foliage are frequently different. It is now clear that many parasitized larvae leave the foliage altogether. Thus, to obtain an accurate assessment of parasitization by A. pumila, samples must be taken prior to the dispersal of parasitized ...

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The nonperiodic population wave: a case study of the larch casebearer Protocryptis sibiricella (Lepidoptera, Coleophoridae)

Ermolaev¹

2014

Entmol. Rev.

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Parasites ofColeophora laricella larvae in newfoundland [Lep.: Coleophoridae]

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

Non-native species in Canada’s boreal zone: diversity, impacts, and risk

Non-native species in Canada’s boreal zone: diversity, impacts, and risk

ADULT SURVIVORSHIP, FECUNDITY, AND FACTORS AFFECTING LABORATORY OVIPOSITION OF PISSODES NEMORENSIS (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE)

The nonperiodic population wave: a case study of the larch casebearer Protocryptis sibiricella (Lepidoptera, Coleophoridae)

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