Parasites of domestic and wild animals in South Africa. XLVII. Ticks of tortoises and other reptiles

Horak, Ivan G.; McKay, I.J.; Henen, Brian T.; Heyne, Heloise; Hofmeyr, Margaretha D.; Villiers, Atherton L. de

doi:10.4102/ojvr.v73i3.148

Cited by 41 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…No direct comparisons between Dorper and Merino sheep were possible in the present survey because of the very different vegetation regions in which the two sheep breeds grazed, as well as the fact that most of the Merino sheep were potentially only exposed to infestation for a month on the survey farms. Horak & Butt (1977a) noted that the 73.8 % prevalence of infestation in goats slaughtered at the Johannesburg Municipal Abattoir was virtually identical to the 73.4 % prevalence in sheep recorded by Horak (1977) at the Pretoria Abattoir, but that the average burden of 4.4 larvae in goats was considerably lower than the 15.2 larvae collected from sheep. The overall prevalence of infestation in goats examined at the two localities in the present survey was 60.4 % and the average burden consisted of 5.2 larvae.…”

Section: Oestrus Ovismentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Horak (1977) noted that the prevalence of infestation and the average larval burdens of 199 Dorper-type sheep he examined at the Pretoria Municipal Abattoir marginally exceeded those of the 338 Merino-type sheep he examined at the same facility, namely 75.9 and 71.6 %, and 16.5 and 14.2 larvae, respectively. No direct comparisons between Dorper and Merino sheep were possible in the present survey because of the very different vegetation regions in which the two sheep breeds grazed, as well as the fact that most of the Merino sheep were potentially only exposed to infestation for a month on the survey farms.…”

Section: Oestrus Ovismentioning

confidence: 91%

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Parasites of domestic and wild animals in South Africa. XLVI. Oestrid fly larvae of sheep, goats, springbok and black wildebeest in the Eastern Cape Province

Horak¹

2005

Onderstepoort J Vet Res

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Merino sheep in Thornveld, Dorper sheep and Angora goats in inland Valley Bushveld, Angora goats and Boer goats in Valley Bushveld on the coastal plateau, and springbok, Antidorcas marsupialis, and black wildebeest, Connochaetes gnou, in Karroid Mountainveld, all in the Eastern Cape Province, were examined for the larvae of nasal bot flies. The sheep and goats were infested with the larvae of Oestrus ovis, and Dorper sheep and Boer goats harboured more larvae than Angora goats on the same farms. Most infestation was present from November to May in Merino sheep in Thornveld, from February to June in Dorper sheep in inland Valley Bushveld, and from May to September in Angora and Boer goats in Valley Bushveld on the coastal plateau. These patterns of seasonality appeared to be regulated by the severity of the summer temperatures at the various localities. The springbok were infested with the larvae of Rhinoestrus antidorcitis, most of which seemed to mature from June to August. All larval sages of Oestrus variolosus and Gedoelstia hässleri were present in the black wildebeest, and large numbers of 1st instar larvae of G. hässleri appeared to accumulate on the dura of the wildebeest from June to August.

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Section: Oestrus Ovismentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Oestrus Ovismentioning

confidence: 91%

Parasites of domestic and wild animals in South Africa. XLVI. Oestrid fly larvae of sheep, goats, springbok and black wildebeest in the Eastern Cape Province

Horak¹

2005

Onderstepoort J Vet Res

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“…However, this has not occurred during the 6 years of application of TST on Farm 1, possibly because most of these free-living worm stages on pasture die during the cool, dry season (Horak & Louw 1977;Horak 1978). However, there is certainly the possibility that a highly pathogenic, non-haematophagous worm species such as Oesophagostomum columbianum that is not diagnosed by the FAMACHA© system, can become more numerous and cause problems without the farmer being alerted to it, and this needs to be guarded against through regular monitoring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production trials involving use of the FAMACHA© system for haemonchosis in sheep : preliminary results

Wyk¹

2008

Onderstepoort J Vet Res

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VAN WYK, J.A. 2008 Production trials involving use of the FAMACHA© system for haemonchosis in sheep: preliminary results. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, In three trials conducted on two separate farms the production of sheep treated for naturally acquired haemonchosis using the FAMACHA© system of targeted selective treatment (TST) (i.e. to treat only those animals unable to manage unaided in the face of heavy Haemonchus challenge) was compared to that of suppressively drenched sheep in the same flock. As expected by the research team who developed and evaluated the FAMACHA© system, TST did result in some loss in production. However, despite high levels of worm challenge in two of the trials and the fact that the comparison was with suppressive drenching which is not sustainable, the total effect was relatively small in relation to the important advantage of using the TST as regards reduced selection for anthelmintic resistance (AR).Concerning the sustainability of worm control, it is concluded that the development of drug resistance to anthelmintics leaves sheep and goat farmers in South Africa no choice but to use methods of TST such as FAMACHA©. The FAMACHA© system can also be a useful clinical aid for early on-farm detection of AR by farmers; the degree of improvement in the colour of the ocular mucous membrane from pale to red in individually drenched anaemic animals over a period of 7-14 days can give a good indication of the efficacy of the compound(s) used.

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“…Various wild and domestic carnivores are the preferred hosts of the adults of H. elliptica, including domestic dogs and cats as well as lions (Panthera leo), leopards (Panthera pardus) and cheetahs (Apanaskevich et al, 2007;Horak et al, 1987;Horak et al, 2000;Horak and Matthee, 2003;Horak et al, 2010). Several murid rodent species are the preferred hosts of its immature stages (Hoogstraal, 1956;Horak et al, 2005;Petney et al, 2004).…”

Section: A Hebraeummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among domestic animals, the adult ticks primarily parasitise cattle and dogs Walker et al, 2000), but they have also been recovered from many wild animals including felids (Horak et al, 1983;Horak et al, 1987;Horak et al, 2000;Norval and Mason, 1981). The immature stages prefer murid rodents as hosts, some species of which may be burrow-dwelling (Braack et al, 1996;Hoogstraal, 1956;Norval and Mason, 1981).…”

Section: A Hebraeummentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) infesting cheetahs (Acinoyx jubatus) at three breeding centres in South Africa and activity patterns of questing ticks

Golezardy

Oosthuizen

Penzhorn

2016

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

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Ticks were collected from 191 cheetahs at three breeding centres in North West and Limpopo Provinces, South Africa. Haemaphysalis elliptica, a common tick of large felids, was the most abundant species collected, while Amblyomma hebraeum and Rhipicephalus simus occurred in lower numbers. In addition to these three species, drag-sampling of the vegetation revealed the presence of Amblyomma marmoreum, Rhipicephalus (B.) decoloratus and Rhipicephalus zambeziensis. The presence of free-ranging antelopes, murid rodents and tortoises at the breeding centres probably contributed to the availability of immature tick stages on the vegetation. Diurnal and seasonal questing patterns of ixodid ticks were investigated at monthly intervals at the largest cheetah-breeding centre.Questing ticks were most abundant on the vegetation during the warm summer months.Most questing H. elliptica larvae and nymphs were collected from the vegetation in the early morning and late afternoon and fewest during the middle of the day.

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Parasites of domestic and wild animals in South Africa. XLVII. Ticks of tortoises and other reptiles

Cited by 41 publications

References 13 publications

Parasites of domestic and wild animals in South Africa. XLVI. Oestrid fly larvae of sheep, goats, springbok and black wildebeest in the Eastern Cape Province

Parasites of domestic and wild animals in South Africa. XLVI. Oestrid fly larvae of sheep, goats, springbok and black wildebeest in the Eastern Cape Province

Production trials involving use of the FAMACHA© system for haemonchosis in sheep : preliminary results

Diversity of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) infesting cheetahs (Acinoyx jubatus) at three breeding centres in South Africa and activity patterns of questing ticks

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