Parasites of Boa constrictor (Squamata: Boidae) captive in Colima, Mexico and their pathological effects

García-Márquez, Luis Jorge; Rodríguez-Vázquez, Armando; León‐Régàgnon, Virginia; Osorio-Sarabia, David; Garcı́a-Prieto, Luis

doi:10.22201/ib.20078706e.2019.90.2687

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Hepatozoon spp. [3,34,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] Caiman crocodilus, Boa constrictor Hepatozoon caimani [45,46] Caiman crocodilus Hepatozoon fusifex [47] Boa constrictor Hepatozoon terzii [48] Boa constrictor Hepatozoon cuestensi [49] Boa constrictor Mycoplasma spp. [26,50] Puma concolor, Odocoileus virginianus Mycoplasma haemocanis [28] Nasua nasua Mycoplasma haemofelis [23,25,[32][33]51] Nasua nasua, Pantera onca, Puma concolor, Leopardus tigrinus Mycoplasma haemocanis/Mycoplasma haemofelis [28,32] Leopardus pardalis Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis [23,32,51] Nasua nasua, Pantera onca, Leopardus pardalis Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum [23,25,26,[29][30][31][32] Pantera onca, Puma concolor, Leopardus tigrinus, Leopardus pardalis Candidatus Mycoplasma haemomacaque [27] Sapajus apella Candidatus Mycoplasma kahaneii [27,30] Saimiri sciureus Trypanosoma leeuwenhoek [52] Choloepus hoffmanni Trypanosoma rangeli [53,54] Choloepus hoffmanni Dirofilaria repens [55] Nasua nasua Dirofilaria immitis…”

Section: Hemoparasite Animalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vector-borne zoonotic blood parasites in wildlife from Ecuador: A report and systematic review

et al. 2021

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Background and Aim: Ecuador is a hugely diverse country, but information on infectious diseases in local wild animals is scarce. The aim of this study was to screen the presence of blood parasites in free-ranging wild animals admitted to the Wildlife Hospital at Universidad San Francisco de Quito, from April 2012 to January 2019. Materials and Methods: We identified blood parasites by microscopic observation of blood smears from free-ranging wildlife species that attended the Wildlife Hospital of Universidad San Francisco de Quito (Ecuador) from April 2012 to January 2019. Results: The microscopic evaluations of animals as potential reservoirs for vector-borne zoonotic blood parasites revealed the presence of Anaplasma spp., Babesia spp., Ehrlichia spp., Hepatozoon spp., microfilaria, Mycoplasma spp., and Trypanosoma spp. in previously unreported wildlife species. In addition, we performed a systematic review to understand the current knowledge gaps in the context of these findings. Conclusion: Our data contribute to the knowledge of blood parasites in wildlife from Ecuador. Furthermore, the potential transmission of these parasites to humans and domestic animals, current anthropogenic environmental changes in the region, and the lack of information on this suggest the importance of our results and warrant further investigations on infectious diseases in animals and humans and their relationship with environmental health as key domains of the One Health concept.

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Section: Hemoparasite Animalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2)[3,23,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56]. Mycoplasma spp.…”

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Vector-borne zoonotic blood parasites in wildlife from Ecuador: A report and systematic review

et al. 2021

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“…reptiles [15] and mammals [16]. Nowadays, there are two main methods, which are broadly used to diagnose these infections: microscopic examination (ME) of blood films, usually stained with Giemsa; and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based testing [13,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

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The buffy coat method: a tool for detection of blood parasites without staining procedures

et al. 2020

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Background: Blood parasites belonging to the Apicomplexa, Trypanosomatidae and Filarioidea are widespread in birds and have been studied extensively. Microscopical examination (ME) of stained blood films remains the gold standard method for the detection of these infections in birds, particularly because co-infections predominate in wildlife. None of the available molecular tools can detect all co-infections at the same time, but ME provides opportunities for this to be achieved. However, fixation, drying and staining of blood films as well as their ME are relatively time-consuming. This limits the detection of infected hosts during fieldwork when captured animals should be released soon after sampling. It is an obstacle for quick selection of donor hosts for parasite experimental, histological and other investigations in the field. This study modified, tested and described the buffy coat method (BCM) for quick diagnostics (~ 20 min/sample) of avian blood parasites. Methods: Blood of 345 birds belonging to 42 species was collected, and each sample was examined using ME of stained blood films and the buffy coat, which was examined after centrifugation in capillary tubes and after being transferred to objective glass slides. Parasite detection using these methods was compared using sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and Cohen's kappa index. Results: Haemoproteus, Leucocytozoon, Plasmodium, microfilariae, Trypanosoma and Lankesterella parasites were detected. BCM had a high sensitivity (> 90%) and specificity (> 90%) for detection of Haemoproteus and microfilariae infections. It was of moderate sensitivity (57%) and high specificity (> 90%) for Lankesterella infections, but of low sensitivity (20%) and high specificity (> 90%) for Leucocytozoon infections. Trypanosoma and Plasmodium parasites were detected only by BCM and ME, respectively. According to Cohen's kappa index, the agreement between two diagnostic tools was substantial for Haemoproteus (0.80), moderate for Lankesterella (0.46) and fair for microfilariae and Leucocytozoon (0.28) infections. Conclusions: BCM is sensitive and recommended as a quick and reliable tool to detect Haemoproteus, Trypanosoma and microfilariae parasites during fieldwork. However, it is not suitable for detection of species of Leucocytozoon and Plasmodium. BCM is a useful tool for diagnostics of blood parasite co-infections. Its application might be extended to studies of blood parasites in other vertebrates during field studies.

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Parasites of Boa constrictor (Squamata: Boidae) captive in Colima, Mexico and their pathological effects

Cited by 2 publications

References 19 publications

Vector-borne zoonotic blood parasites in wildlife from Ecuador: A report and systematic review

Vector-borne zoonotic blood parasites in wildlife from Ecuador: A report and systematic review

The buffy coat method: a tool for detection of blood parasites without staining procedures

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