Parasites of backyard game birds

Gastroenteric parasite of wild Galliformes in the Italian Alps: implication for conservation management

“…Specific articles of the Regional laws (Regione Piemonte, 2018) do not allow to release animals in the areas where alpine Galliformes lives; however, these interdictions are not always fully respected. Game birds are kept in aviaries were proper hygienic conditions cannot be maintained, thus infestation by parasites are likely (Stadler and Carpenter, 1996). Moreover, sanitary check before releasing the animals is always lacking.…”

Cloacal prolapse in ostrich chicks with histomoniosis

“…Histomonads initially multiply in the mucosa of the caeca, where they cause severe damage, and they then migrate to the x 100 liver (Stadler and Carpenter 1996). In turkeys, clinical signs include greenish faeces, drowsiness, wing drop, a stilted gait, anorexia and occasionally blackhead.…”

Safety evaluation of lasalocid use in farm-reared pheasants

“…In order to increase their numbers, pheasants are now intensively raised on game farms under conditions similar to commercial poultry production (62). Under these systems, pheasants succumb to bacterial, viral and parasitic infections including salmonellosis, colibacillosis, coccidiosis, hexamitiasis, histomoniasis, syngamiasis, avian encephalomyelitis and adenovirus amongst others (4,23,51,59,62,72).…”

“…Coccidiosis is a parasitic disease of the intestine of many animals caused by obligate intracellular protozoa (coccidia) belonging to the family Eimeriidae (32). Coccidia that cause illness in pheasants belong to the genus Eimeria (45,59,62). The most commonly encountered coccidia in outbreaks of clinical disease are Eimeria colchici, E. phasiani and E. duodenalis although E. tetartooimia has also been described (23,42,45).…”