1989
DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86821989000100007
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Parasitemia em pacientes chagásicos crônicos avaliada pelo indice de triatomíneos infectados no xenodiagnóstico

Abstract: W illcox1, Carlos Brisola M arcondes2 e José Rodrigues C oura1.Como parte de um estudo pré-terapêutico da infecção chagásica crônica, a parasitemia de 206pacientes (85 homens e 121 mulheres, com idades de 7 a 80 anos, média de 37,4 ± 14,6) do município de Virgem da Lapa, Minas Gerais, foi avaliada pelo índice de ninfas de triatomíneos infectadas nos xenodiagnósticos aplicados. Cada paciente foi submetido a três exames no período de 12 meses. Em cada exame foram aplicadas 40 ninfas de 3.? ou 4.° estádios de Tri… Show more

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Cited by 19 publications
(11 citation statements)
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“…Because benznidazole does not act against amastigote forms of T cruzi and, therefore, is not efficient for prophylaxis, laboratory tests should be available for early diagnosis of reactivation episodes allowing pre-emptive treatment. The quantitative xenodiagnosis 30 could be an alternative as used for diagnosis in patients with HIV, 31 despite its manual technique and the long waiting period needed to obtain results (30 to 60 days). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) seems to be the diagnostic method of choice, but it has limited use due to its specific laboratory facilities, high costs and common cross-contamination, including Leishmania and Trypanosoma DNA cross-contamination.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Because benznidazole does not act against amastigote forms of T cruzi and, therefore, is not efficient for prophylaxis, laboratory tests should be available for early diagnosis of reactivation episodes allowing pre-emptive treatment. The quantitative xenodiagnosis 30 could be an alternative as used for diagnosis in patients with HIV, 31 despite its manual technique and the long waiting period needed to obtain results (30 to 60 days). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) seems to be the diagnostic method of choice, but it has limited use due to its specific laboratory facilities, high costs and common cross-contamination, including Leishmania and Trypanosoma DNA cross-contamination.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To each of 109 children 0-10 yearold, with positive serology for T. cruzi infection who were going to receive specific treatment, a pair of XD kits was applied resulting 65 (59.6%) positive, figures that increased to 82 (75.2%) when an additional pair of kits was applied to those who had resulted negative (Schenone 1998). Several authors consider that one XD consists in the simultaneous application of 40 triatomine nymphs distributed into four containers with batches of 10 insects each, method with a good yield, but for us, consisting in the use of four XD kits simultaneously (Pereira JB et al 1989, 1996, Pereira VL et al 1989, Coura et al 1991, Menezes et al 1992, Medeiros et al 1994. In some instance, authors have referred to one XD with 90 insects and one XD with 120 insects (Bronfen & Alvarenga 1991); (c) blood ingestion and mortality of insects utilized in XD: it is necessary to consider that not all the nymphs used in the XD are going to produce suitable material for the microscopical detection of T. cruzi because a proportion of them does not suck blood when are applied on the skin of patients, and another proportion dies during the laboratory maintenance periods before examinations, proportions that, in average, reach to 20.5 and 7.3% respectively (Bronfen & Alvarenga 1991).…”
Section: Methodology Standarization Of Techni-cal and Operational Asmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…According to Santos et al (1995), it has a higher positivity than routine or natural method. Particularly interesting is the post mortem artificial XD performed in blood collected from corpses during autopsy, with a preliminary 30% positivity in individuals whose serological tests for Chagas disease -performed previously to XD -were positive (Lopes et al 1986); (e) technique for obtaining the substratum to be examined: abdominal compression (Schenone et al 1968a, 1969, 1974, Pereira JB et al 1989, Pereira VL et al 1989, Coura et al 1991; intestine dissection, grinding and homogenization (Perlowagora-Szumlewicz et al 1982, Bronfen et al 1989, Bronfen & Alvarenga 1991, Menezes, 1992; liquefaction of the whole insect, filtration of resultant material through cotton, and centrifugalization (Maekelt, 1964, Rohwedder et al 1970, Cedillos et al 1982a); examination of contents:individual (Cedillos et al 1982a, Pereira JB et al 1989, Bronfen & Alvarenga 1991, Coura et al 1991, Menezes et al 1992) and pooled (Schenone et al 1968a, Bronfen et al 1989); (f) apparently sensitivity of XD can be improved by the so-called xenoculture which consists in sowing the intestinal contents of the triatomine nymphs used in it in a modified LIT medium (Bronfen et al 1989); (g) reading: must be done by well trained and skilled personnel. It is highly advisable to have in mind the eventual finding of T. rangeli and/ or Blastocrithidia triatomae in the intestinal contents of triatomines (Cerisola et al 1971a, Cedillos et al 1982a); (h) interpretation of results: a positive XD in a suspected individual (clinical picture, positive serology and/or epidemiological antecedents) means T. cruzi infection and may confirm a chagasic etiology, but a negative XD no necessarily indicates abscence of the parasite and the need of repeating the exam (Freitas 1952, Castro et...…”
Section: Methodology Standarization Of Techni-cal and Operational Asmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Rassi et al 25 verificaram que o aumento da parasitemia em chagásicos que usaram corticóides não influenciou a clínica da enfermidade. Pereira et al 21 constataram em estudo de oito anos que a progressão da cardiopatia chagásica crônica não está associada ao xenodiagnóstico positivo embora, esses mesmos autores 22 , encontraram parasitemias mais altas em pacientes cardiopatas. Silva et al 29 verificaram que a positividade do xenodiagnóstico mostrou-se independente da forma clínica da doença de Chagas.…”
Section: Pacientes E Métodosunclassified