Parasite infection but not chronic microplastic exposure reduces the feeding rate in a freshwater fish

Parker, Ben; Britton, J. Robert; Green, Iain D.; Amat-Trigo, Fátima; Andreou, Demetra

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121120

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…2022 ). The main disadvantages of oral administration include the unequal distribution of the dose in the fish population, where parasitised animals may have a reduced appetite ( Parker et al. 2023 ), individual competition for food present ( Chuard et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The oral administration of PZQ mixed in feed can be the most convenient and costeffective form of delivery, especially when treating a large fish population (Norbury et al 2022). The main disadvantages of oral administration include the unequal distribution of the dose in the fish population, where parasitised animals may have a reduced appetite (Parker et al 2023), individual competition for food present (Chuard et al 2018), or a feed may be unpalatable (Al-Souti et al 2019). Despite the bitter taste and low palatability of PZQ, we did not notice any avoidance behaviour in the fish, even at the highest PZQ dose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In-feed Praziquantel treatment of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) infected with eye flukes

Zuskova,

Velisek

2024

Vet. Med. - Czech

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Praziquantel (PZQ) is a drug effective against several parasitic diseases of fish caused by Platyhelminthes. The study assesses the efficacy of selected in-feed PZQ doses in eliminating metacercariae Diplostomum pseudospathaceum in grass carp. The fish were infected with D. pseudospathaceum in laboratory conditions and subsequently treated with PZQ at daily doses of 30 (PZQ1), 50 (PZQ2), and 100 (PZQ3) mg/kg bw for seven days. The treatment trial was followed by a 23-day observation period during which the fish were parasitologically examined on days 0, 2, 8 and 23. Smaller fish were infected with a significantly higher ( P < 0.05) number of metacercariae than bigger fish among three weight groups as follows: up to 7 g > 7 to 12 g > 12 g. The in-feed PZQ at doses of 30, 50 and 100 mg/kg bw for seven days was 47%, 84% and 88% effective against metacercariae D. pseudospathaceum , respectively. A significant decrease ( P < 0.01) in moving and an increase ( P < 0.01) in the immotile metacercariae in the eye’s lens were recorded in all the trial groups on each sampling day. An increasing proportion of motile metacercariae in the post-treatment observation period was seen in PZQ2 and PZQ3, indicating a decreasing trend in the actual efficacy in an environment with no reinfection possibility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-feed Praziquantel treatment of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) infected with eye flukes

Zuskova,

Velisek

2024

Vet. Med. - Czech

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“…We know little about how parasite exposure history could influence social phenotypes. Even when the host successfully fights off a parasite's invasion, parasite exposure can alter the host's behavior (Parker et al 2023, Vindas et al 2023, highlighting that the parasites found in study animals may represent only a fraction of the host's experience. Further, we still have much to learn about the bidirectional relationship between social dynamics and infection risk, including factors like group positioning, composition, and social network structure, and represent exciting opportunities for new research in this area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitism and the tradeoffs of social grouping: The role of parasite transmission mode

Nadler,

Jolles,

Binning

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Animals use social grouping for numerous fitness-enhancing processes, such as foraging, social learning, defense, and energy expenditure. One broadly referenced negative consequence of social grouping is the increased risk of exposure to parasites, which are defined broadly here as organisms with obligate, persistent, and harmful consumer associations with a host. However, there is growing evidence that group living can also act as a defensive mechanism against parasites. Here, we present a conceptual framework that explores host sociability in the context of parasite life history, arguing that the positive or negative impact of a social lifestyle on infection risk is strongly linked to the parasite’s transmission mode. We discuss the link between host sociability and infection risk with respect to common, non-mutually exclusive differences in transmission: direct vs. indirect, density- vs. frequency-dependent, and simple vs. complex life cycles. We then use our framework to discuss the mechanisms for active parasite avoidance, passive effects of infection-induced phenotypes, and their impacts on host social networks. Further, we highlight additional important factors that can modulate these dynamics (e.g., parasite virulence, infection intensity, co-infection by multiple parasites, and environmental factors). The goal of this broad, comparative approach is to provide researchers from multiple disciplines with a unified framework to better understand the relationship between social grouping and host-parasite interactions across diverse systems.

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“…A sizable part of fish populations in many freshwater habitats may harbor an infection from one or more helminth species (Sures and Nachev, 2022). Fish with helminth infections may have slower growth rates and less successful reproduction (Parker et al, 2023). Fish growth and general health may be impacted by the parasites' effects on the digestive system, which can result in malnutrition and decreased nutritional absorption (Medina-Felix et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of the Parasitic Helminth Burden of Clarias gariepinus and Tilapia zilli In Fresh Water Reservoir (Zobe Dam) Dutsin-Ma, Katsina, Nigeria

Shinkafi,

Sulaiman Kauthar Muhammad,

Habiba Zakari

et al. 2023

USci

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The incidence of gastrointestinal helminth parasites was investigated in a research of Clarias gariepinus and Tilapia zilli from Zobe Dam, Dutsin-ma. The results showed a high prevalence of helminth parasites overall, with T. zilli recording 36% and C. gariepinus showing a rate of 68%. Cestodes, trematodes, and nematodes were the three types of parasites found in the fish's intestines. Notably, trematodes predominated in T. zilli (54.55%), whereas cestodes were more common in C. gariepinus (62.71%). Procamallanus leavionchus was the most notable nematode species found in C. gariepinus, followed by cestodes (Polyonchobothrium clarias) and trematodes (Diplostomum spathaceum). The nematodes, cestodes, and trematodes in T. zilli were represented by Cacullanus sp., Diphyllobothrium spp., and Hepsetidae fasciatus, respectively. Both species showed that males had more helminth parasites than females did. In C. gariepinus, statistical analysis showed no gender differences, however in T. zilli, a gender difference was seen at the P<0.05% level of significance. In addition, the study found a statistically significant correlation between fish length and body weight, and the frequency of helminth infections. These results highlight the significant load of helminth parasites in both Clarias gariepinus and Tilapia zilli, highlighting the need for efficient control techniques to reduce the negative effects of parasitic illnesses on fish production.

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Parasite infection but not chronic microplastic exposure reduces the feeding rate in a freshwater fish

Cited by 10 publications

References 54 publications

In-feed Praziquantel treatment of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) infected with eye flukes

In-feed Praziquantel treatment of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) infected with eye flukes

Parasitism and the tradeoffs of social grouping: The role of parasite transmission mode

Comparative Study of the Parasitic Helminth Burden of Clarias gariepinus and Tilapia zilli In Fresh Water Reservoir (Zobe Dam) Dutsin-Ma, Katsina, Nigeria

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