Paraphyly of the subgenus Anaphlebotomus and creation of Madaphlebotomus subg. nov. (Phlebotominae: Phlebotomus)

Abstract

The systematic position of the Malagasy Phlebotomus (Diptera: Psychodidae) species was assessed in molecular phylogenetic studies. Three molecular markers were sequenced: cytochrome b of the mitochondrial DNA; ITS2, and the D8 domain of the ribosomal DNA. The following species were studied: Phlebotomus (Anaphlebotomus) berentiensis, Phlebotomus (Anaphlebotomus) fertei, Phlebotomus (Anaphlebotomus) fontenillei, Phlebotomus (Anaphlebotomus) vaomalalae and Phlebotomus (Anaphlebotomus) vincenti from Madagascar; Phlebotomus (Anaphlebotomus) stantoni from Asia, and Phlebotomus (Anaphlebotomus) rodhaini from Africa. The following outgroups were selected: Phlebotomus (Euphlebotomus) argentipes, Phlebotomus (Euphlebotomus) barguesae, Phlebotomus (Larroussius) perfiliewi s.l. and Phlebotomus (Adlerius) simici. Each marker analysed by maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood supports the monophyly of the Malagasy Phlebotomus spp. Consequently, we create a new subgenus for these species: Madaphlebotomus subg. nov. This molecular individualization is reinforced by the originality of their spermathecae and by the fact that their geographical distribution is limited to Madagascar, and considers the high level of endemism on this island.

Phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera, Psychodidae) from the Ankarana tsingy of northern Madagascar: inventory and description of new taxa

“…vincenti Randrianambinintsoa & Depaquit 2013. All of them belong to the endemic subgenus Madaphlebotomus Depaquit, Léger & Randrianambinintsoa 2015 [8].…”

Altitude and hillside orientation shapes the population structure of the Leishmania infantum vector Phlebotomus ariasi

“…DNA from a subset of Ph. ariasi samples was used to check the species identification (see “ Results ” section) by amplifying a cyt b gene fragment using the primers N1N-PDR [5′-CA(T/C) ATT CAA CC(A/T) GAA TGA TA-3′] and C3B-PDR [5′-GGT A(C/T)(A/T) TTG CCT CGA (T/A)TT CG(T/A) TAT GA-3′], according to a previously published protocol 60 , 61 and the following conditions: initial denaturation at 94 °C of 3 min; 5 cycles of denaturation (94 °C for 30 s), annealing (40 °C for 60 s), and extension (68 °C for 60 s), followed by 40 cycles of denaturation (94 °C for 60 s), annealing (44 °C for 60 s) and extension (68 °C for 60 s), and a final extension (68 °C for 10 min). Direct sequencing in both directions was performed by Eurofins Genomics.…”

A molecular study of the genus Spelaeomyia (Diptera: Phlebotominae) with description of the male of Spelaeomyia moucheti

“…The D1 and D2 fragments of the 28S rDNA were amplified using the primer couple C1′: 5′-ACC CGC TGA ATT TAA GCA T-3′ and D2: 5′-TCC GTG TTT CAA GAC GGG-3′ following the thermal profile: 30 cycles with 1 min 94 °C, 1 min 58 °C, 1 min 68 °C using the primers [ 11 ]. The D8 domain of the 28S rDNA was amplified using the primers C7′ (5′-GTG CAG ATC TTG GTG GTA GT-3′) and D8E (5′-GCT TTG TTT TAA TTA AAC AGT-3′) following the thermal profile: 40 cycles of denaturation at 94 °C for 30 s, annealing at 48 °C for 40 s and extension at 68 °C for 90 s [ 12 ].…”