Paraoxonase and Arylesterase Activities in Dipper and Non-Dipper Prehypertensive Subjects

Yüksel, Murat; Yıldız, Abdülkadir; Tekbaş, Ebru; Gündüz, Ercan; Ekinci, Aysun; Bilik, Mehmet Zihni; Özaydoğdu, Necdet; Atılgan, Zuhal Arıtürk

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000000786

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…Additionally, reduced PON1 activity has been associated with increased arterial stiffness as well as increased insulin resistance with both states promoting myocardial remodeling [ 179 ]. Recent data suggest an association between PON1 and arterial hypertension with PON1 concentration being significantly lower in hypertensive patients [ 180 , 181 ]. In patients with systolic HF, decreased PON activity is predictive of increased risk of long-term adverse cardiac events.…”

Section: The Defense System: Alteration Of Paraoxonases In Ckd Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Kidney Disease and Disproportionally Increased Cardiovascular Damage: Does Oxidative Stress Explain the Burden?

Duni

Liakopoulos

Rapsomanikis

et al. 2017

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are among the groups at the highest risk for cardiovascular disease and significantly shortened remaining lifespan. CKD enhances oxidative stress in the organism with ensuing cardiovascular damage. Oxidative stress in uremia is the consequence of higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, whereas attenuated clearance of pro-oxidant substances and impaired antioxidant defenses play a complementary role. The pathophysiological mechanism underlying the increased ROS production in CKD is at least partly mediated by upregulation of the intrarenal angiotensin system. Enhanced oxidative stress in the setting of the uremic milieu promotes enzymatic modification of circulating lipids and lipoproteins, protein carbamylation, endothelial dysfunction via disruption of nitric oxide (NO) pathways, and activation of inflammation, thus accelerating atherosclerosis. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and heart failure are hallmarks of CKD. NADPH oxidase activation, xanthine oxidase, mitochondrial dysfunction, and NO-ROS are the main oxidative pathways leading to LVH and the cardiorenal syndrome. Finally, a subset of antioxidant enzymes, the paraoxonases (PON), deserves special attention due to abundant clinical evidence accumulated regarding reduced serum PON1 activity in CKD as a contributor to the increased burden of cardiovascular disease. Future, meticulously designed studies are needed to assess the effects of antioxidant therapy on patients with CKD.

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Section: The Defense System: Alteration Of Paraoxonases In Ckd Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Kidney Disease and Disproportionally Increased Cardiovascular Damage: Does Oxidative Stress Explain the Burden?

Duni

Liakopoulos

Rapsomanikis

et al. 2017

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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“…51,52 In particular, PON-1 activity, negatively correlated with systolic and diastolic BP, has been reported to decline in hypertensive patients and animals. 27,28,53,54 It is noteworthy that the distribution of PON-1 and PPAR activities in the intestine were reduced by K.pn , implying a connection between the deficiency of SEA, PPAR, and PON-1. Consequently, it is speculated that K.pn might participate in hypertension by limiting the protective SEA, depressing PPAR signaling, and subsequent PON-1 expression, rendering hypertensive disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…K.pn was confirmed to be responsible for significantly reducing Pon1, Orm1, Car3, and AI854703 in the intestinal tissues of GF and ABX mice (Figure S8A). The distribution of PON (paraoxonase)-1, a protective factor for innate immunity that can ameliorate hypertension development, [26][27][28] was verified to be suppressed by K.pn in GF and ABX recipient (Figure S8B).…”

Section: Kpn Triggers Pathological Alterations In the Gut And Affects...mentioning

confidence: 96%

Causality of Opportunistic Pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae to Hypertension Development

Gao

et al. 2022

Hypertension

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Background: Previous studies have reported a strong association between gut microbiome and hypertension; yet, the exact bacterial species associated with the disease development and progression have not yet been detected. This study aimed to investigate whether opportunistic pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae is a causal factor for hypertension pathogenesis, and explore the potential mechanisms. Methods: The enrichment of Klebsiella pneumoniae in the gut of patients with hypertension was validated by meta-analysis based on 3 independent cohorts. Klebsiella pneumoniae was inoculated into germ-free mice, antibiotic pretreated and conventional mice. Results: Klebsiella pneumoniae led to higher blood pressure, slight cardiac hypertrophy, and enhanced contractility of resistant arteries in recipient mice. Moreover, Klebsiella pneumoniae induced pathological damages, deficiency of tight junction proteins and transcriptional shifts. Metabolic alterations, especially the depletion of stearoylethanolamide, were observed upon Klebsiella pneumoniae administration. In addition, renal transcriptome dysfunction with significant upregulation of genes related to hypertension pathogenesis was observed in Klebsiella pneumoniae treated mice. Conclusions: These results provide evidence that the enrichment of Klebsiella pneumoniae acts as a direct contributor to blood pressure elevation and hypertension pathogenesis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae induced intestinal damages, fecal metabolic changes, and renal shifts may be integrated mediators.

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“…Ми показали, що низька активність параоксонази у жінок з АГ (менша за P10 у здорових осіб) асоціюється з вищими добовими рівнями АТ, більшими масою міокарду ЛШ та товщиною інтима-медіа судин та зменшенням ендотелій-залежної вазодилатації плечової артерії. В роботі E. Dounousi на АГ з добовим профілем АТ "нон-діпер" реєструється суттєво менша концентрація параоксонази в крові, ніж у осіб з більш сприятливим профілем "діпер" [25]. Відомо, що активність параоксонази характеризується статевим диморфізмом і у чоловіків реєструється менша як арілестеразна, так і лактоназна активність ферменту, ніж у жінок [19,23].…”

Section: результати обговоренняunclassified

Paraoxonase in women with hypertension of different reproductive age. Relationship with cardio-metabolic risk factors

Pentyuk¹,

Пентюк²

2021

Rep. of Vinnytsia Nation. Med. Univ.

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Annotation. Paraoxonase is a high-density lipoprotein-associated pleiotropic enzyme able to detoxify proatherogenic compounds such as oxi-low-density-lipoproteins and homocysteine-thiolactone. Low paraoxonase activity is likely to be involved in the development of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study – to investigate the relationship between paraoxonase activity, structural and functional markers of the heart and blood vessels, cardio-metabolic risk factors in women with hypertension of different reproductive age. The study included 193 women aged 32-70 years (55.4±0.68 years) with essential stage II hypertension. The control group consisted of 46 healthy women. The arylesterase activity of paraoxonase (EC 3.1.1.2) in blood serum was determined by spectrophotometric method. Statistical processing of the obtained results was performed in the application package SPSS22 (© SPSS Inc.). The mean and standard error of the mean (M ± m) were calculated. Student's t-test was used. Pearson correlation analysis was performed at p <0.05. It was found that in women with hypertension there was a significant decrease (16%) in serum paraoxonase activity, compared with healthy women. Low paraoxonase activity was registered in 33.3% of premenopausal patients and 56.7% of postmenopausal patients (p˂0.05) and was associated with serum estradiol levels (r=0.33, 0.41, p<0.05). Low paraoxonase activity was associated with aberrant levels of lipids, homocysteine, obesity, metabolic syndrome, increased left ventricular mass index and carotid intima-media thickness, decreased brachial artery endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Thus, the decrease in serum paraoxonase activity in women with hypertension is related with the reproductive age of patients and the development of unfavorable metabolic, structural and functional changes in the heart and blood vessels.

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Paraoxonase and Arylesterase Activities in Dipper and Non-Dipper Prehypertensive Subjects

Cited by 5 publications

References 45 publications

Chronic Kidney Disease and Disproportionally Increased Cardiovascular Damage: Does Oxidative Stress Explain the Burden?

Chronic Kidney Disease and Disproportionally Increased Cardiovascular Damage: Does Oxidative Stress Explain the Burden?

Causality of Opportunistic Pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae to Hypertension Development

Paraoxonase in women with hypertension of different reproductive age. Relationship with cardio-metabolic risk factors

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