Paraneoplastic leukemoid reaction – poor prognostic marker in urothelial bladder carcinoma

Ashamalla, Michael; Wang, Wei; Lewis, C.; Mian, Badar M.; Mehdi, Syed

doi:10.12788/jcso.0264

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Case reports also have shown that cystectomy will reduce leukocytosis level but will gradually increase after due to the natural progression of G-CSF-producing tumor. [ 20 21 ] Chemoradiation received by the patient may cause neutropenia and lymphocytosis, subsequently reducing the NLR level. [ 22 23 ] This condition did not occur in the patients as all patients had a high NLR level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poor prognosis of urothelial carcinoma in patients presented with persistent paraneoplastic leukocytosis with anemia

et al. 2022

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Introduction: Paraneoplastic leukocytosis is a rare manifestation of urological cancer. This condition is well associated with the poor prognosis in other solid tumors. Anemia is the most common hematological manifestation of cancer, affecting 40%–64% of patients with cancer. This condition is also well associated with a poor prognosis. The goal of this research is to determine the clinical presentation and fate of individuals with urothelial carcinoma who have persistent paraneoplastic leukocytosis and anemia. Methods: From January 2014 to December 2020, a retrospective cohort of patients with a histological result of urothelial carcinoma was collected. Data were extracted from a single National Cancer Center Hospital in Indonesia. Persistent leukocytosis is defined as a leukocyte count ≥20,000/mL on at least two occasions with a minimum interval of 30 days. Anemia is defined using the WHO definition of anemia. Urinalysis, chest X-ray, and other blood tests were performed to exclude other probable causes of leukocytosis. Results: Thirteen of 123 patients screened presented with persistent paraneoplastic leukocytosis and anemia. All patients presented with bladder cancer, with two patients (15.4%) presented with a mixed histological urothelial carcinoma. During the trial, all of the patients died, with a median survival of 20 days after the beginning of paraneoplastic leukocytosis with anemia. Conclusions: Persistent paraneoplastic leukocytosis and anemia in a patient with urothelial carcinoma are a rare condition that is associated to a poor prognosis and a lower median overall survival time.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%