Parametrically coupled multiharmonic force imaging

Abak, Musa Kurtulus; Aktaş, Ozan; Mammadov, Rashad; Gürsel, İhsan; Dâna, Aykutlu

doi:10.1063/1.2940304

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…11,12 However, there is an increasing interest in the use of higher-order eigenmodes in dynamic AFM especially for applications where small tip oscillation amplitudes are desired or where multiple eigenmodes are excited simultaneously. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Each eigenmode has an associated dynamic stiffness ͑also known as modal stiffness͒, which is different from the static stiffness. This dynamic stiffness can be related to an equivalent spring that has the same potential energy as the eigenmode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On eigenmodes, stiffness, and sensitivity of atomic force microscope cantilevers in air versus liquids

Kiracofe¹,

Raman²

2010

Journal of Applied Physics

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The effect of hydrodynamic loading on the eigenmode shapes, modal stiffnesses, and optical lever sensitivities of atomic force microscope ͑AFM͒ microcantilevers is investigated by measuring the vibrations of such microcantilevers in air and water using a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer. It is found that for rectangular tipless microcantilevers, the measured fundamental and higher eigenmodes and their equivalent stiffnesses are nearly identical in air and in water. However, for microcantilevers with a tip mass or for picket shaped cantilevers, there is a marked difference in the second ͑and higher͒ eigenmode shapes between air and water that leads to a large decrease in their modal stiffness in water as compared to air as well as a decrease in their optical lever sensitivity. These results are explained in terms of hydrodynamic interactions of microcantilevers with nonuniform mass distribution. The results clearly demonstrate that tip mass and hydrodynamic loading must be taken into account in stiffness calibration and optical lever sensitivity calibration while using higher-order eigenmodes in dynamic AFM.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On eigenmodes, stiffness, and sensitivity of atomic force microscope cantilevers in air versus liquids

Kiracofe¹,

Raman²

2010

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…[3][4][5][6] Other works have demonstrated that by exciting the higher modes, especially when the tip's vibration range is small, or by exciting several dynamic modes at the same time, a high resolution can be obtained. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] The quality of the images taken by the AFM is strongly influenced by resonant frequency and the sensitivity of higher modes. This makes the sensitivity of higher modes an important subject to be explored, and many researchers have conducted numerous studies in this regard.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the effects of mechanical parameters of fluid, cantilever orientation, and tip position on the sensitivity of higher modes of atomic force microscope to sample stiffness in liquid medium

Damircheli

2014

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part K:

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In this paper, the resonance frequency sensitivity of the first four bending modes of an atomic force microscope with rectangular cross section to the changes of sample stiffness in liquid environment has been investigated. The cantilever has been modeled by employing the Timoshenko beam model, and the hydrodynamic and the interaction forces between cantilever tip and sample have been included in the simulations. A comparison has been made between the frequency sensitivities of higher modes in air and liquid environments. The obtained results indicate that a greater sensitivity exists in air medium than in liquid medium. Moreover, since the frequency response of the atomic force microscope is influenced by the environment in which it is used, the effects of the fluid's mechanical parameters on the sensitivity of higher modes have been explored. The findings indicate the major impact of density and minor impact of viscosity on the frequency sensitivity of higher modes. Next, the frequency sensitivities of higher modes in various liquids have been studied and compared with one another in order to provide a guideline for the users, so that they can excite the best mode to achieve the highest contrast with regards to sample stiffness and the operating environment. Finally, the effect of angle between cantilever and sample and the probe position on the sensitivity of higher modes in water has been investigated. With the increase of angle, the higher modes become sensitive for softer samples at a faster rate; and as the tip are moved away from the cantilever end, the sensitivity of the higher modes delays.

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“…Recent developments in dynamic AFM methods offer the possibility of relating the measured vibration signals to the particular physical properties of the samples, such as elastic modulus, viscosity, adhesion, and chemical affinity [2–16]. These developments are accomplished by employing multiple excitation and detection frequencies during dynamic AFM imaging [17–26]. A critical element of these mechanical measurements is the physical model being used to relate the force–distance curves to parameters representing the material properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution nanomechanical analysis of suspended electrospun silk fibers with the torsional harmonic atomic force microscope

Cronin‐Golomb¹,

Şahin²

2013

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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SummaryAtomic force microscopes have become indispensable tools for mechanical characterization of nanoscale and submicron structures. However, materials with complex geometries, such as electrospun fiber networks used for tissue scaffolds, still pose challenges due to the influence of tension and bending modulus on the response of the suspended structures. Here we report mechanical measurements on electrospun silk fibers with various treatments that allow discriminating among the different mechanisms that determine the mechanical behavior of these complex structures. In particular we were able to identify the role of tension and boundary conditions (pinned versus clamped) in determining the mechanical response of electrospun silk fibers. Our findings show that high-resolution mechanical imaging with torsional harmonic atomic force microscopy provides a reliable method to investigate the mechanics of materials with complex geometries.

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Parametrically coupled multiharmonic force imaging

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

On eigenmodes, stiffness, and sensitivity of atomic force microscope cantilevers in air versus liquids

On eigenmodes, stiffness, and sensitivity of atomic force microscope cantilevers in air versus liquids

Investigating the effects of mechanical parameters of fluid, cantilever orientation, and tip position on the sensitivity of higher modes of atomic force microscope to sample stiffness in liquid medium

High-resolution nanomechanical analysis of suspended electrospun silk fibers with the torsional harmonic atomic force microscope

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