Parametric Modeling Study of Volatile Nitrogen Conversion to NO and N<sub>2</sub>O During Biomass Combustion

Löffler, G.; Winter, Franz; Hofbauer, Hermann

doi:10.1002/9780470694954.ch51

Cited by 2 publications

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“…After devolatilisation, NH 3 and HCN will evolve further to form NO x . The N-conversion to NO x during biomass combustion is reported to increase with decreasing N-content in biomass, but no such clear trend is observed in this study (both series of experiments) when it comes to N-conversion to NH 3 and HCN. This supports the idea that this NO x emission trend is primarily due to the gas-phase reactions of NH 3 and HCN yielding NO x…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 84%

NO_x and N₂O Precursors (NH₃ and HCN) in Pyrolysis of Biomass Residues

2007

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Nitrogen release is a little known aspect of pyrolysis of biomass. In this study on thermally thick samples of three biomass residues with high N-content, the NO x precursors NH 3 and HCN were measured with a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analyzer at different heating rates (low and high) and temperatures (400-900 °C). The feedstocks investigated have been given scarce or no attention. At a high heating rate, (1) NH 3 is the main N-compound with increasing yield with increasing temperature until reaching a plateau at 825-900 °C at a conversion level of 31-38%; (2) HCN release is increasing sharply with temperature to reach a conversion of 9-18%; (3) the (HCN + NH 3 ) conversion levels of all samples are close; (4) N-selectivity is affected by temperature and particle size; (5) release patterns and thermal behaviors of N and C are different and influence of fuel properties (intrinsic and physical) may be inferred; (6) the intricate structure of biomass indicates that decomposition paths may include (N-compounds + non-N-compounds) reactions. At a low heating rate, (1) NH 3 is the main N-compound; (2) HCN and NH 3 release are significantly different for the various fuels (7.9-19.2%) and fuel properties (intrinsic and physical) might be of importance; (3) the release pattern of N is affected by fuel properties.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 84%

NO_x and N₂O Precursors (NH₃ and HCN) in Pyrolysis of Biomass Residues

2007

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Solid Biomass Combustion

Suri

Horio

2010

Handbook of Combustion

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To suppress the global temperature rise so as to avoid climate disasters it is necessary to shift to a renewable energy source. Biomass is the single most abundantly available renewable energy source that can be used on demand in direct combustion/gasification technologies. For a better understanding of solid biomass combustion, in the present chapter biomass fuels from different sources have been characterized in terms of physical and chemical properties, ash behavior and pretreatment methods, and suitable combustor types. Ash‐related issues relevant to the high alkali content typical of biomasses are discussed in detail. Effects of heating rate on pyrolysis product yields are compared for biomass and coal. For a better understanding of ignition/extinction characteristics of a solid fuel, the combustion kinetics for both volatile and char combustion with and without ash layer, with different shapes, are considered. Emissions during combustion of biomass, namely, NO x , SO x , HCl, heavy metals, and dioxins are described. Various combustion technologies are reviewed, from large‐scale entrained bed combustion systems to medium‐scale FBCs and fixed bed combustion. Finally, ash behavior in different combustion technologies is discussed.

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Parametric Modeling Study of Volatile Nitrogen Conversion to NO and N₂O During Biomass Combustion

Cited by 2 publications

References 12 publications

NO_x and N₂O Precursors (NH₃ and HCN) in Pyrolysis of Biomass Residues

NO_x and N₂O Precursors (NH₃ and HCN) in Pyrolysis of Biomass Residues

Solid Biomass Combustion

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Parametric Modeling Study of Volatile Nitrogen Conversion to NO and N2O During Biomass Combustion

Cited by 2 publications

References 12 publications

NOx and N2O Precursors (NH3 and HCN) in Pyrolysis of Biomass Residues

NOx and N2O Precursors (NH3 and HCN) in Pyrolysis of Biomass Residues

Solid Biomass Combustion

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Parametric Modeling Study of Volatile Nitrogen Conversion to NO and N₂O During Biomass Combustion

NO_x and N₂O Precursors (NH₃ and HCN) in Pyrolysis of Biomass Residues

NO_x and N₂O Precursors (NH₃ and HCN) in Pyrolysis of Biomass Residues