Parametric analysis of the stability of a bicycle taking into account geometrical, mass and compliance properties

Doria, Alberto; Favaron, Valerio; Taraborrelli, Luca; Roa, Sergio

doi:10.1504/ijvd.2017.090908

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Lumped parameter models are described in [15]. This kind of modelling is also found in other sources, especially when a more complex non-rigid model is developed [16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this work, besides the fork bending compliance, two tyre parameters are of particular importance: the relaxation length and the cornering stiffness. Some research [3,16,17,20] has underlined that a tyre model with cornering stiffness is necessary in order to simulate the wobble mode. This also suggests an important consideration: the principal cause of the wobble is given by the tyre's response.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The other important tyre parameter influencing wobble is the relaxation length [3,13,23]. Several works [3,16,17,20,24] investigated its effect on wobble damping, underlying how the relaxation length destabilises the wobble mode, since it generates a delay between the wheel steering and the tyre-lateral force generation. As a consequence, Sharp [3] (p. 323) clarifies that both tyre sideslip and tyre relaxation properties are fundamental for a proper representation of a motorcycle's dynamic properties.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In summary, some minimal requisites for a correct analysis of the wobble mode can be defined. Pacejka [26] and Doria [16] suggest that the tyre properties have the greatest influence on motorcycle stability. The Pacejka magic formula [26] coupled with a first order dynamic response, as described in the previous paragraph, is necessary in order to produce reliable wobble stability analyses [13] (p. 324).…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of the Phenomena Causing Weave and Wobble in Two-Wheelers

et al. 2020

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The present work follows in the tracks of previous studies investigating the stability of motorcycles. Two principal oscillation modes of motorcycles are the well-known wobble and weave modes. The research in this field started about fifty years ago and showed how different motorcycle parameters influence the stability of the mentioned modes. However, there is sometimes a minor lack in the physical analysis of why a certain parameter influences the stability. The derived knowledge can be complemented by some mechanical momentum correlations. This work aims to ascertain, in depth, the physical phenomena that stand behind the influence of fork bending compliance on the wobble mode and behind the velocity dependence of the weave damping behaviour. After a summary of the relevant work in this field, this paper presents different rigid body simulation models with increasing complexity and discusses the related eigenvalue analysis and time behaviour. With these models, the mentioned modes are explained and the physical phenomena only partly covered by the literature are shown. Finally, the influence of the rider model on weave and wobble is presented.

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“…Lumped parameter models are described in [15]. This kind of modelling is also found in other sources, especially when a more complex non-rigid model is developed [16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Analysis of the Phenomena Causing Weave and Wobble in Two-Wheelers

et al. 2020

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“…1c. Mean values of tire properties from experimental tests (Doria et al, 2013;Dressel and Rahman, 2012) have been adopted and are kept constant in the numerical calculations here reported. In particular, the values of cornering stiffness, camber stiffness and overturning stiffness that are reported in Table 1 are the mean values of the characteristics of six different tires tested in two laboratories.…”

Section: Parameter Valuementioning

confidence: 99%

Stability analysis of bicycles by means of analytical models with increasing complexity

2019

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Abstract. The basic Whipple-Carvallo bicycle model for the study of stability takes into account only geometric and mass properties. Analytical bicycle models of increasing complexity are now available, they consider frame compliance, tire properties, and rider posture. From the point of view of the designer, it is important to know if geometric and mass properties affect the stability of an actual bicycle as they affect the stability of a simple bicycle model. This paper addresses this problem in a numeric way by evaluating stability indices from the real parts of the eigenvalues of the bicycle's modes (i.e., weave, capsize, wobble) in a range of forward speeds typical of city bicycles. The sensitivity indices and correlation coefficients between the main geometric and mass properties of the bicycle and the stability indices are calculated by means of bicycle models of increasing complexity. Results show that the simpler models correctly predict the effect of most of geometric and mass properties on the stability of the single modes of the bicycle. Nevertheless, when the global stability indices of the bicycle are considered, often the simpler models fail their prediction. This phenomenon takes place because with the basic model some design parameters have opposite effects on the stability of weave and capsize, but, when tire sliding is included, the capsize mode is always stable and low speed stability is chiefly determined by weave stability.

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Identification of lumped stiffness parameters for a motorcycle model in investigating weave and wobble

et al. 2023

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In motorcycle dynamics, great importance is attributed to the study of the weave and wobble vibration modes and, in particular, to the effects of the flexibility of structural components on their stability. Therefore, appropriate motorcycle models for studying weave and wobble should include flexible elements for describing the flexural behavior of components such as the main frame, front assembly, and rear swingarm. Different approaches are possible for modeling flexibilities: the most common among them are the lumped stiffness and the flexible multibody approaches. While the latter certainly provides higher accuracy, the former has advantages in terms of computational load, but, above all, it makes it easier to understand in the design phase how technical parameters, such as torsional and bending stiffness of a given structural component, can influence the stability of weave and wobble. The accuracy of lumped stiffness models strongly depends on parameter identification. In this study, a general method is proposed to determine appropriate lumped stiffness parameters for any given motorcycle component. The proposed method is tested and validated by comparing the weave and wobble modal behavior with the results of flexible multibody analysis. The lumped stiffness model is then adopted to carry out a sensitivity analysis aimed at identifying the effects on the weave and wobble stability of the torsional and bending stiffness of specific structural components of the motorcycle to optimize their design.

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Parametric analysis of the stability of a bicycle taking into account geometrical, mass and compliance properties

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Analysis of the Phenomena Causing Weave and Wobble in Two-Wheelers

Analysis of the Phenomena Causing Weave and Wobble in Two-Wheelers

Stability analysis of bicycles by means of analytical models with increasing complexity

Identification of lumped stiffness parameters for a motorcycle model in investigating weave and wobble

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