Parametric Analysis of a High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Based Microcogeneration System

Abstract

This study focuses on performance analysis of a 1 kWemicrocogeneration system based on a high temperature proton exchange membrane (HT-PEM) fuel cell by means of parametric investigation. A mathematical model for a system consisting of a fuel processor (steam reforming reactor and water-gas shift reactor), a HT-PEM fuel cell stack, and the balance-of-plant components was developed. Firstly, the fuel processor performance at different fuel ratios and equivalence ratio was examined. It is shown that high fuel ratios of 0.9–0.95 and equivalence ratios of less than 0.56 are suitable for acceptable carbon monoxide content in the synthetic gas produced. Secondly, a parametric study of the system performance at different fuel and equivalence ratios using key system operating parameters was conducted. Steam-to-carbon ratio, stack operating temperature, and anode stoichiometry were varied to observe the changes in the microcogeneration system. The analysis shows that the system can reach electrical and cogeneration efficiencies of 30% and 84%, respectively.

Reversible Hydrogenation of CO2 to Formamides Using an Atomically Dispersed Ir/C3N4 Catalyst

“…The activity of the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation for the reactions from the crude hydrogen is essentially the same as pure H 2 conditions, facilitating a one-pot purification process (Figure b). As shown in the pressure changes and the GC spectra of the gas phase after the reactions that is starting from the gaseous mixture of CO and H 2 (10% CO in H 2 , Figure c,d), about 63 mmol of H 2 could be hydrogenated to N -formylmorpholine with the concentration of CO significantly increased (CO/H 2 = 0.19), and the generation of 13 mmol of purified H 2 (CO x /H 2 = 0.003) was observed in GC after dehydrogenation, which could be directly used in high-temperature proton exchange membrane (HT-PEM) fuel cells . It indicates that the reversible process can effectively reduce the concentration of CO in crude hydrogen.…”

Performance of an HT‐PEMFC having a catalyst with graphene and multiwalled carbon nanotube support

“…Two main types of PEMFCs exist: High‐temperature PEMFC (HT‐PEMFC) and low‐temperature PEMFC (LT‐PEMFC). HT‐PEMFC, which can operate between 120°C to 200°C, has a higher tolerance to carbon monoxide and higher reaction rates than LT‐PEMFC that can operate below 80°C . Due to these merits of HT‐PEMFC, a significant amount of research has been carried out on improving the performance of the HT‐PEMFCs through testing these fuel cells made of alternative materials .…”

“…HT-PEMFC, which can operate between 120°C to 200°C, has a higher tolerance to carbon monoxide and higher reaction rates than LT-PEMFC that can operate below 80°C. 2 Due to these merits of HT-PEMFC, a significant amount of research has been carried out on improving the performance of the HT-PEMFCs through testing these fuel cells made of alternative materials. [3][4][5] Finding suitable materials for anode and cathode electrocatalysts has been the main core of these research activities since these materials are pricy and affect the reaction kinetics, thus the fuel cell performance.…”