Parameters Influencing Citizens’ Levels of Satisfaction: Soft Indicators of ‘Good Governance’

Abstract

Previous studies highlighted the importance of soft indicators (e.g., quantitative sociological survey) influencing citizen satisfaction towards municipal service quality. Citizen satisfaction assessments have raised concerns over numerous independent parameters such as gender, age, and education on satisfaction levels toward administrative performance. It is also crucial to underline that the application of sociological survey for improving service quality is not well understood by municipal officers or scholars. To obtain substantial combined multiple indicators of service quality, it seems rationale to reconnoitre numerous parameters of citizen satisfaction and quantitatively investigate impacts of independent variables (e.g., gender, age, education) on corresponding satisfaction levels by using some advanced statistical tools. In this sociological assessment, a targeted population was constructed of Bangkok Metropolitan administration (BMA) stakeholders (n = 38,500), which are as follows:
 
 -       Bangkok residents in 50 districts under the governance of BMA
 
 -       Board committee, executive directors and general staff of 27 BMA offices
 
 This multiple dimensional analysis sociological survey data indicates that gender, age, and education play some important roles in governing municipal citizen satisfaction levels. Overall, the knowledge of relationship between citizen satisfaction levels and independent parameters can enhance the service quality of municipal administration.

Global Trade Governance and WTO: Beyond the Model of the Club

“…The Ministerial Conference is the most important and highest organ of the WTO and includes representatives of all members. The ministerial conference is usually composed of trade ministers or ministers responsible for foreign trade in the countries of the WTO and gathered at least once every two years (Pongpiachan, Pothisarn & Jaturongkachoke, 2021). At the ministerial meeting, the agenda prepared by the general council will be considered and will be decided on all issues related to the organization's affairs in the framework of multilateral trade agreements.…”