Parameterized ionospheric model: A global ionospheric parameterization based on first principles models

Daniell, R. E.; Brown, Lincoln D.; Anderson, D. N.; Fox, Matthew W.; Doherty, Patricia H.; Decker, D. T.; Sojka, J. J.; Schunk, R. W.

doi:10.1029/95rs01826

Cited by 245 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The majority of the models may be categorized into three groups: (i) empirical models (Bent et al 1972;Ching & Chiu 1973;Rawer et al 1978;Anderson et al 1987Anderson et al , 1989Nisbet & Divany 1987;Tascione et al 1988;Daniell et al 1995;Batista et al 1996;Abdu et al 2008;Brum et al 2011Brum et al , 2012Bilitza et al 2012), (ii) theoretical or mathematical models (Bailey et al 1978;Anderson & Klobuchar 1983;Anderson et al 1996;Schunk & Sojka 1996;Brum et al 2006), and (iii) parameterized models (Daniell et al 1995;Souza et al 2010). The empirical models are based on statistical analyses of long-term ionospheric measurements, while theoretical/mathematical models are developed by solving a set of equations accounting for different physical and chemical processes that take place in the ionosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An empirical model of ionospheric total electron content (TEC) near the crest of the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA)

Hajra

Chakraborty²,

Tsurutani

et al. 2016

J. Space Weather Space Clim.

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We present a geomagnetic quiet time (Dst > À50 nT) empirical model of ionospheric total electron content (TEC) for the northern equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crest over Calcutta, India. The model is based on the 1980-1990 TEC measurements from the geostationary Engineering Test Satellite-2 (ETS-2) at the Haringhata (University of Calcutta, India: 22.58°N, 88.38°E geographic; 12.09°N, 160.46°E geomagnetic) ionospheric field station using the technique of Faraday rotation of plane polarized VHF (136.11 MHz) signals. The ground station is situated virtually underneath the northern EIA crest. The monthly mean TEC increases linearly with F 10.7 solar ionizing flux, with a significantly high correlation coefficient (r = 0.89-0.99) between the two. For the same solar flux level, the TEC values are found to be significantly different between the descending and ascending phases of the solar cycle. This ionospheric hysteresis effect depends on the local time as well as on the solar flux level. On an annual scale, TEC exhibits semiannual variations with maximum TEC values occurring during the two equinoxes and minimum at summer solstice. The semiannual variation is strongest during local noon with a summer-to-equinox variability of 50-100 TEC units. The diurnal pattern of TEC is characterized by a pre-sunrise (0400-0500 LT) minimum and near-noon (1300-1400 LT) maximum. Equatorial electrodynamics is dominated by the equatorial electrojet which in turn controls the daytime TEC variation and its maximum. We combine these long-term analyses to develop an empirical model of monthly mean TEC. The model is validated using both ETS-2 measurements and recent GNSS measurements. It is found that the present model efficiently estimates the TEC values within a 1-r range from the observed mean values.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An empirical model of ionospheric total electron content (TEC) near the crest of the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA)

Hajra

Chakraborty²,

Tsurutani

et al. 2016

J. Space Weather Space Clim.

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“…-the same group developed a Parameterised Real-time Ionospheric Specification Model (PRISM) (Daniell et al, 1995) that consists of two segments. One is the Parameterised Ionospheric Model (PIM) and the other incorporates near-real-time data from ground and satellite sensors.…”

Section: Ionospheric Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From the Sun’s atmosphere to the Earth’s atmosphere: an overview of scientific models available for space weather developments

et al. 2002

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Abstract. Space weather aims at setting operational numerical tools in order to nowcast, forecast and quantify the solar activity events, the magnetosphere, ionosphere and thermosphere responses and the consequences on our technological societies. These tools can be divided in two parts. The first has a geophysical base (Sun, interplanetary medium, magnetosphere, atmosphere). The second concerns technological applications (telecommunications, spacecraft orbits, power plants ...). In this paper, we aim at giving an overview of the models that belong to the first class (geophysics) that might serve in the future as a basis for building global operational codes. For each model, we consider the physics underneath, the input and output parameters, and whether it is already operational, whether it may become operational in the near future, or if it is an academic research tool. Relevant references are given in order to serve as a starting point for further readings.

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“…These measurements are now transmitted to AFWA, where they are used to update several space environment models. These models include: the Parameterized Real-Time Ionospheric Specification Model (PRISM; Daniell et al [1995]), a model of the auroral oval, and the Scintillation Network Decision Aid (SCINDA; Caton et al [1999]) model. Various codes use the space environment specification provided by these models as input for generation of OpSEND maps that are specific to communication, navigation, surveillance, and HF radio systems.…”

Section: Opsend Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operational Space Environment Network Display (OpSEND)

et al. 2004

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, have implemented a new system of graphical products that provide easy-to-visualize displays of space weather effects on various radio systems operating through the ionosphere. By means of a three-level Web page, the user can select the radio system (UHF, HF, GPS, or radar), the map area (global or regional theater where the radio system is located), the time (nowcast or forecast), and additional options. This system, the Operational Space Environment Network Display (OpSEND), was first installed at the 55th Space Weather Squadron, Schriever Air Force Base (AFB), Colorado, and is now producing its first four products with a new Web format at the Air Force Weather Agency, Offutt AFB, Nebraska. Radar auroral clutter maps specify (nowcast) the estimated position and strength of the auroral oval relative to radar coverage regions. UHF Satcom scintillation maps nowcast and 2-hour forecast ionospheric scintillation and its potential degradation to UHF Satcom communication links. HF illumination maps nowcast and 1-hour forecast HF communication performance. Estimated GPS single-frequency error maps nowcast and 1-hour forecast positioning errors resulting from GPS constellation geometry and inaccurate ionospheric correction. Details and examples are presented.

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Parameterized ionospheric model: A global ionospheric parameterization based on first principles models

Cited by 245 publications

References 21 publications

An empirical model of ionospheric total electron content (TEC) near the crest of the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA)

An empirical model of ionospheric total electron content (TEC) near the crest of the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA)

From the Sun’s atmosphere to the Earth’s atmosphere: an overview of scientific models available for space weather developments

Operational Space Environment Network Display (OpSEND)

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