Parameterization of silica-filled silicone rubber morphology: A contrast variation SANS and TEM study

Liu, Dong; Chen, Jie; Song, Lixian; Lu, Ai; Wang, Yunlong; Sun, Guangai

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2017.05.064

Cited by 38 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Therefore, the scattering contribution of the activator could ideally be described in terms of a particle form factor. Furthermore, the low concentration, as well as the non-specific interaction of the inorganic ZnO particles with the oil or SBR, are very good reasons to neglect also the cross-term S pol−ZnO in the scattering equation of the three-component system [12,25,29,30] which is then reduced to:…”

Section: The Unfilled Casementioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, if the mixing and milling process results in better dispersed, relatively small ZnO particles, their form factor would interfere with the scattering contribution resulting from the fillers and corrections that require the estimation of contrast factors become necessary. Unlike a SVD method based on a number of contrast parameters that exceeds the number of unknown partial structure factors [12][13][14]23,27,29,30], in our particular case, it is impossible to induce additional contrast factors into a cross-linked rubber without a previous labeling of components by, e.g., deuteration and inevitably leading to intrinsically different samples [25]. For this reason, the decomposition of the measured signal intensity has been performed using a linear combination of experimental data obtained by X-ray and neutron scattering measurements applied to the same sample.…”

Section: The Unfilled Casementioning

confidence: 99%

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Decoupling the Contributions of ZnO and Silica in the Characterization of Industrially-Mixed Filled Rubbers by Combining Small Angle Neutron and X-Ray Scattering

et al. 2020

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Scattering techniques with neutrons and X-rays are powerful methods for the investigation of the hierarchical structure of reinforcing fillers in rubber matrices. However, when using only X-ray scattering, the independent determination of the filler response itself sometimes remains an issue because of a strong parasitic contribution of the ZnO catalyst and activator in the vulcanization process. Microscopic characterization of filler-rubber mixtures even with only catalytic amounts of ZnO is, therefore, inevitably complex. Here, we present a study of silica aggregates dispersed in an SBR rubber in the presence of the catalyst and show that accurate partial structure factors of both components can be determined separately from the combination of the two scattering probes, neutrons, and X-rays. A unique separation of the silica filler scattering function devoid of parasitic catalyst scattering becomes possible. From the combined analysis, the catalyst contribution is determined as well and results to be prominent in the correction scheme. The experimental nano-structure of the ZnO after the mixing process as the by-product of the scattering decomposition was found also to be affected by the presence or absence of silica in the rubber mixture, correlated with the shear forces in the mixing and milling processes during sample preparation. The presented method is well suited for studies of novel dual filler systems.

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Section: The Unfilled Casementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Unfilled Casementioning

confidence: 99%

Decoupling the Contributions of ZnO and Silica in the Characterization of Industrially-Mixed Filled Rubbers by Combining Small Angle Neutron and X-Ray Scattering

et al. 2020

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“…[23] Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) techniques have extensively contributed to the investigation of the structure and the phase behavior of polymers, such as polymer crystallization, [24] nanocomposites, [25] and hydrogel, [26] with the help of deuterium labeling and contrast variation/matching. [27,28] With respect to the development of polymer crystallization, some important understanding, progress, and breakthrough of theories and mechanisms in polymer science are highly dependent on the in situ techniques based on SR and neutron scattering. Neutron and X-ray, as complementary probes, are extensively combined to provide valuable and more information for polymeric material investigations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The numbers of beam-time proposals and publications of SANS-Suanni are increasing continuously. [24,27,53,[55][56][57][58][59][60][61] In this review, aiming to demonstrate the advantages of SR X-ray scattering and neutron scattering, we present several recent and representative examples on the study of semicrystalline polymeric materials. The time and spatial resolution of X-ray scattering are illustrated via the study on FIC of semicrystalline polymer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiscale characterization of semicrystalline polymeric materials by synchrotron radiation X‐ray and neutron scattering

Chen

Liu

2018

Polymer Crystallization

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Synchrotron radiation (SR) X‐ray and neutron scattering provide excellent probes for the investigation of polymeric material. Based on high brilliant beam with a tunable wavelength of SR, scattering techniques with high time and spatial resolutions have been developed for in situ X‐ray study on polymeric materials. With the isotopic sensitivity of neutron, the detailed single chain behavior can be isolated from the polymeric matrix under variant conditions with the help of deuterium labeling and contrast variation/matching. With examples on flow‐induced crystallization of polymer and hierarchical structure decomposition of polymer nanocomposite, current review attempts to present the advantages of SR X‐ray and neutron scattering in the study of hierarchical and multiscale structural evolutions of polymeric materials. With time resolution up to sub‐ms and spatial resolution of 100 nm, SR is expected to promote the understanding of non‐equilibrium polymer physics under processing. With the ability to “see” the single chain conformation and turn the contrast of the multicomponent polymeric composites, neutron scattering can benefit the progress of polymer science. Platform based on SR and neutron source provide promising of establishing polymer Materials Genome database, which might strongly benefit industrial processing and accelerate the progress of material innovation.

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“…due to excellent properties of high-temperature resistance, radiation resistance, anti-UV, and anti-ageing. [1][2][3][4][5][6] But low gas permeability is required, because permeable gasesparticularly, oxygen, hydrogen sulphide, and sulphur vapourcan easily cause oxidation and sulfuration of electronic components, chips, electrodes, medicines, etc. and shorten their service lives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the preparation and performance of low gas permeability trifluoropropyl phenyl silicone rubber

2017

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Parameterization of silica-filled silicone rubber morphology: A contrast variation SANS and TEM study

Cited by 38 publications

References 57 publications

Decoupling the Contributions of ZnO and Silica in the Characterization of Industrially-Mixed Filled Rubbers by Combining Small Angle Neutron and X-Ray Scattering

Decoupling the Contributions of ZnO and Silica in the Characterization of Industrially-Mixed Filled Rubbers by Combining Small Angle Neutron and X-Ray Scattering

Multiscale characterization of semicrystalline polymeric materials by synchrotron radiation X‐ray and neutron scattering

Study on the preparation and performance of low gas permeability trifluoropropyl phenyl silicone rubber

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