“…COA flowchart. Define ranges (upper and lower limits) of unknown parameters (Rs, Rp, Ipv, Io and n for SDM and Rs, Rp, Ipv, Io1, Io2, n1 and n2 for DDM) Define number of iterations (Mg) Define number of COA starting (Ms) Define initial values for logistic mapping In the kth iteration for X(k), calculate the value of OF (Equation (3) for SDM and Equation (4) for DDM) The estimated parameters values are those which minimize the OF over all possible startings and iterations By using logistic mapping, form variables xi(k), k = 1, ..., Mg and i = 1, ..., 5 for SDM, and i = 1, ..., 7 for DDM, as described in[59] …”