“…This zero and non-zero property of the residual is used to determine the existence of faults (Patton et al, 2000). The residual signals can be generated via different methods (Frank, 1990; Saif, 1998), such as the parity space approach (Berriri and Slama-Blekhodja, 2010), dedicated observer approach and innovation-based approach (Kamal et al, 2012), fault detection filter (Jamouli et al, 2004) and parameter identification (Uney and Hajiyev, 2014).…”