Parameter design of microstrip patch antenna operating at dual microwave-band for RF energy harvester application

Investigation of Micromachined Antenna Substrates Operating at 5 GHz for RF Energy Harvesting Applications

“…However, the dimensions also can be analyzed from the transmission line model, TM (Transverse Magnetic Wave) mode [26]. Basically, in the TM mode model, the rectangular patch dimensions are calculated as in Equation (1) to Equation (3) [1], w=c2fεr+12, εeff=12(εr+1)+12(εr−1)[11+12(tsubw)], l=c2fεeff−0.824tsub((εeff+0.3)(wtsub+0.264)(εeff−0.258)(wtsub+0.8)), where c is ...…”

“…However, the dimensions also can be analyzed from the transmission line model, TM (Transverse Magnetic Wave) mode [ 26 ]. Basically, in the TM mode model, the rectangular patch dimensions are calculated as in Equation (1) to Equation (3) [ 1 ], where c is the speed of light (3 × 10 8 m/s), f is the operating frequency, and ε eff is the effective ε r index of the substrate. This model shows good physical insight, but is less accurate.…”

“…In recent years, there has been a growing interest from both academia and industry in the deployment of energy capture of ambient energy for fully autonomous powering of microdevices, using different energy harvesting techniques. These microdevices, such as sensors, actuators and so on, are extensively utilized in various daily life applications such as in wearable devices, batteryless remote controls, structural healthcare and agriculture monitoring systems, the Internet of Things (IoT), and so on [ 1 , 2 , 3 ], in which low power consumption is highly demanded. Conventionally, energy supplies for these devices are powered by chemical batteries.…”

“…An antenna is the first and the most important element of the RF energy harvesting system, and it affects the amount of captured energy from the environment [ 4 ]. Numerous research works have been reported on the antenna for RF energy harvesting purposes to achieve appropriate characteristics, such as high efficiency [ 11 , 12 , 13 ], lower return loss [ 1 , 14 , 15 ] and an omnidirectional radiation pattern with high gain [ 11 , 12 , 16 ].…”

“…Most of the reported materials for the antennas designed for RF energy harvesting are made of conventional printed circuit board (PCB)-based materials such as Rogers, RT/Duroid and FR4 substrates [ 1 , 11 , 14 , 17 ], which is due to the established fabrication concepts from many years ago, low cost, easy fabrication and easily available material.…”