Paramalleolar Arterial Bollinger Score in the Era of Diabetes and End-Stage Renal Disease　– Usefulness for Predicting Operative Outcome of Critical Limb Ischemia –

Patency of the arterial pedal–plantar arch in patients with chronic kidney disease or diabetes mellitus

“…Lower limb peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a common comorbidity in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). [1][2][3] Atherosclerotic disease pattern in PAD is influenced by cardiovascular risk factors. 4,5 CKD and DM are known to be the leading cause for vascular calcification and share similar pathomorphological aspects.…”

“…14 It is rather more recently that patency of the pedal-plantar arch as well as obstructive burden of pedal arteries has Patency of the arterial pedal-plantar arch in patients with chronic kidney disease or diabetes mellitus become a dedicated focus of interest for the understanding of poor clinical limb outcome after distal bypass or endovascular treatment. 3,[15][16][17][18][19] Kidney disease is a frequent complication in DM. 20 Differentiation between DM and CKD as leading risk factors for marked distal atherosclerotic disease pattern in studies of PAD is missing, and in patients with CKD, it is mainly limited to patients with ESRD.…”

“…20 Differentiation between DM and CKD as leading risk factors for marked distal atherosclerotic disease pattern in studies of PAD is missing, and in patients with CKD, it is mainly limited to patients with ESRD. 2,3,16,21,22 In this retrospective, single-center PAD patient group analysis, patency of the arterial pedalplantar arch and occlusion of BTK arteries were assessed with respect to the coexistence of DM or CKD. The hypothesis was that loss of patency of the pedal-plantar arch is more frequent in patients with CKD compared with patients without CKD, independent of the presence of DM.…”

“…14 It is rather more recently that patency of the pedal–plantar arch as well as obstructive burden of pedal arteries has become a dedicated focus of interest for the understanding of poor clinical limb outcome after distal bypass or endovascular treatment. 3,15–19…”

“…20 Differentiation between DM and CKD as leading risk factors for marked distal atherosclerotic disease pattern in studies of PAD is missing, and in patients with CKD, it is mainly limited to patients with ESRD. 2,3,16,21,22…”